Презентация по английскому языку на тему "Особенности употребления артиклей" (7 класс)

Articles

the

a/an

The definite article (определенный артикль)

The indefinite article (неопределенный артикль)

The indefinite article

a

an

a p lane

an a pple

a k itten

an a irport

a u niform

an e agle

Перед согласными и буквой “u”

Перед гласными

a/an = one

Употребляется только с исчисляемыми существительными в единственном числе

A/an употребляется:

• после конструкции there is/there was

There is a plane in the sky.

2) когда значение существительного – любой, каждый, всякий

A dog is an animal

3) когда предмет упоминается впервые

I ate an apple for lunch.

4) после «what» в восклицательных предложениях

What a nice day!

5) существительное - именная часть составного сказуемого после to be (am, is, are, was, were), to look, to seem, to become

I am a student .

She has become a real teacher

Eliza seems a happy child now

6) Когда существительное является дополнением (после to have, to like, to give …)

I would like an apple , please.

We have a book

No article:

• Перед абстрактными существительными

Knowledge is power .

• Перед неисчисляемыми существительными

Snow is white .

• Перед количественными числительными

I bought 3 books for school library.

• Перед словами some, any

There is some juice in the jug.

5. Если перед словом стоит притяжательное местоимение

Her book is more expensive than mine.

Exercise 1 .

Use a/an where it’s necessary.

• This is … book. It is my … book.

2. Mr. Smith is … artist, Mrs. Smith is … poetess.

3. My … son is … pupil.

4. Do you like … ice-cream?

5. We have … large … family.

6. There are ... beautiful ... trees in our …. garden.

7. May I drink ... milk?

8. Would you like some …… tomatoes?

9. What ……deep ……. lake!

10) What ……interesting ..... information!

Exercise 1 .

Use a/an where necessary.

• This is a book. It is my book.

2. Mr. Smith is an artist, Mrs. Smith is a poetess.

3. My son is a pupil.

4. Do you like ice-cream?

5. We have a large family.

6. There are beautiful trees in our garden.

7. May I drink milk?

8. Would you like some tomatoes?

9. What a deep lake!

10) What interesting information!

Определенный артикль

the

[ði]

[ðə]

the ea gle

the E arth

the i sland

the d ay

the k itchen

the f loor

The употребляется как в единственном , так и во множественном числе если:

• из ситуации и контекста ясно о каком предмете идет речь.

Go to the kitchen ! (ясно, о какой кухне идет речь)

Here is the book I’ve told you about.

2) существительное уже употреблялось ранее.

My cat has a kitten . The kitten is grey.

3) существительное обозначает целый класс лиц или предметов

The tiger is in danger of dying out

4) Существительное – обстоятельство места :

in the park in the country

at the theatre on the bank of the river

on the coast at the seaside

The употребляется:

• с порядковыми числительными

The first of September

• с прилагательными в превосходной степени

He is the strongest man in the city

• с уникальными существительными

The moon, the earth, the sun, the sky

But: _____ space

Exercise 2

Use a/an/the if it’s necessary

1 . Close …… window, please. It’s cold here.

2. They have … dog and two cats.

3. I have … spoon in my … plate, but I haven’t got … soup in it.

4. ….. sun is shining brightly in ….. sky.

5. Would you like some…… orange juice?

6. There is ....... very large piano in the hall.

7. Last weekend we had a picnic on ….. bank of the river.

8. She has … ball. … ball is … big.

9. I got … letter from my … friend yesterday. … letter was interesting.

The North

The East

The West

The South

No article!

Континенты: Africa,

Штаты:

Texas

Города: New York

Abakan

Улицы:

Sovetskaya street

Определенный артикль всегда :

• Названия океанов : The Pacific Ocean

The Atlantic Ocean

• Названия морей : The Black Sea

The Baltic Sea

3. Названия рек: The Nile

The Volga

4. Названия проливов: The English Chanel

5. Названия пустынь: The Sahara

Особые случаи :

• Озера: Lake Baikal (без артикля)

The Baikal

• Острова Madagascar

The British Isles

• Горы: Mount Everest

The Alps

Особые случаи:

• Город Гаага The Hague
• Страна: Russia

The Russian Federation

• Голландия: Holland

The Netherland s

Names

Franklin Delano Roosevelt

But!

The whole family

The Ivanovs, The Smiths

Exercise 3

____ United States is ___ big country. It consists of ____ 50 states. ___ Hawaii is ___ 50 th state. ___ Rhode Island is ___ smallest island. ___ capital of ___ USA is ____ Washington, DC. There are ____ mountains in ___ west and big lakes in ___ north. ____ longest North American river, ___ Mississippi, begins near these lakes and flows into the Gulf of Mexico.

Keys

The United States is a big country. It consists of 50 states. Hawaii is the 50 th state. Rhode Island is the smallest island. The capital of the USA is Washington, DC. There are mountains in the west and big lakes in the north. The longest North American river, the Mississippi, begins near these lakes and flows into the Gulf of Mexico.

Articles with meals

• Процесс принятия пищи. a/an, the

• have (cook, take, serve) breakfast/lunch/brunch/ dinner/ supper
• be at lunch/dinner/…
• After/before lunch/…
• For tea/breakfast/dinner/ …..

I was at lunch when you came

2) Can we have a hot supper? (имеется описательное определение)

3) The lunch we had yesterday. (конкретная трапеза)

Exercise 4

• I had …… quick lunch at Wendy's.

• …… breakfast you cooked yesterday was delicious.
• After …… dinner we’ll go for a walk.
• Will you help me to cook …….dinner?
• It’s ….. tastiest lunch I’ve ever had.
• When I came home I found …. supper on the table.  

Exercise 4

• I had a quick lunch at Wendy's.

• The breakfast you cooked yesterday was delicious.
• After dinner we’ll go for a walk.
• Will you help me to cook dinner?
• It’s the tastiest lunch I’ve ever had.
• When I came home I found a cold supper on the table.  

NO ARTICLE!

To go to school – идти в школу (учиться)

To be in hospital – быть в больнице (лечиться)

To go to bed – идти спать

To be in prison – быть в тюрьме (сидеть)

To be in church – быть в церкви (молиться)

To go to university – идти в университет (учиться)

To go to college – идти в колледж (учиться)

To be at work – быть на работе (работать)

Exercise 5

1) My sister is at ... work. She is ... secretary.

2)She stayed in …. bed on Sunday instead of going to ….. church.

3) He entered …. church to photograph its interior.

4) Is there …. hospital near here?

5)   I didn’t know that Uncle Clyde spent time in …..prison.

6) Don’t sit on …. bed.

Exercise 5

1) My sister is at work. She is a secretary.

2)She stayed in bed on Sunday instead of going to church.

3) He entered  the  church to photograph its interior.

4) Is there  a hospital near here?

5)   I didn’t know that Uncle Clyde spent time in prison.

6) Don’t sit on the bed.