Коммунальное учреждение
«Общеобразовательная школа I-III ступеней № 29 г. Енакиево»
Урок-конференция в 10 классе
«Техногенные катастрофы ХХ-ХХI вв.»
Цель: совершенствовать речевые навыки, воспитывать бережное отношение к природе, ответственность за её судьбу, способствовать повышению экологической культуры, воспитывать необходимость приобретения знаний, умений и навыков по сохранению здоровья в случае чрезвычайной ситуации.
Оборудование: компьютер, компьютерная презентация, плакаты, лозунги, видеозаписи.
Учитель: Кириллова Т. В.
Chairman: Good morning, ladies and gentlemen! On behalf of all the participants of the conference I’d like to greet you. Our today’s conference is devoted to the problems of technology-caused disasters.
We live in a magic world. This world is full of wonderful things. It is our nature. Nature gives us life. We are the children of nature. Nature is our best and kindest friend. Nature teaches us to be kind and clever, attentive and creative. It teaches us to understand the world around us.
Nature shows us wonderful pictures of different colours: the blue sky and the green grass, the white snow and the black night, the red poppy and the yellow sunflower.
Nature is a great artist and poet. It has different colours for each season. And we shall start our conference with the poem devoted to beautiful seasons.
The poetess is taking the floor.
January brings the snow, makes our feet and fingers glow.
February brings the rain, thaws the frozen lakes again.
March brings breezes loud and shrill, stirs the dancing daffodil.
April brings the primrose sweet, scatters daisies at our feet.
May brings flocks of pretty lambs, skipping by their fleecy dams.
June brings tulips, lilies, roses; fills the children’s hands with posies.
Hot July brings cooling showers, apricots and gillyflowers.
August brings the sheaves of corn; then the harvest home is borne.
Warm September brings the fruit; sportsmen then begin to shoot.
Fresh October brings the pheasant; then to gather nuts is pleasant.
Dull November brings the blast; then the leaves are whirling fast,
Chill December brings the sleet, blazing fire and Christmas treat.
Chairman. And now I’d like you to listen to the song by Louis Armstrong “What a wonderful world” and make a list of things that you think are wonderful in the world.
The song
Chairman. What wonderful things can you see in the world?
Participants.
In my opinion…; I’m convinced/ positive that…; Personally, I think …; To my mind …; From my point of view …; As far as I’m concerned…
Chairman: The scientific and technological progress of the 20th century resulted in widespread mechanization, automated lines, computerized management. Technological advances have changed the lifestyle of millions of people all over the world. Our life is full of useful inventions. They have made our life much easier and have given us so much fun and satisfaction.
Dear boys and girls! Try to guess the names of some inventions which made our life more comfortable.
a piece of electrical equipment with a screen used for watching programs. (television);
a machine that stores programs and information in electronic form and can be used for a variety of processes, for example writing, calculating, and communicating on the Internet. (a computer);
A piece of electronic equipment that people use for speaking to someone in a different place. Parents say it is a vital way of keeping in touch with their children while teachers are against using them on school premises because they disrupt lessons and destroy learning. (a mobile phone);
A machine for washing clothes. (a washing machine);
This invention helps not only housewives to cope with dirty plates after dinner, but it is widely used at cafes and restaurants because it saves time. Put dirty dishes on the racks, add special liquid, set the dial and in a few minutes the most unpleasant work is done. (a dishwasher);
An oven that cooks food very quickly by passing short electric waves instead of heat. ( a microwave oven);
A road vehicle for one driver and a few passengers. (a car);
A vehicle that can travel in space. (a spaceship).
But it cannot be denied that the price for rapid industrial development is very high: natural resources are exhausted, the ecological balance of the planet is upset. The poisoning of the world’s land, air and water is the fast-spreading disease of civilization.
The song “Sweet People” by Alyosha.
Many technological disasters have marked the XXth and the XXI centuries. I’d like to draw your attention to the fact that technological disasters cause great harm to our planet. In particular, they cause damage, injury and even loss of life. Such disasters are caused by industrial companies either by accident, negligence or incompetence. Each disaster reminds us of our industrial systems’ possible failures because zero risk is impossible in any sector.
And now I’d like Julia Kleshch, the scientist who did much in nuclear physics, to take the floor.
The scientist is taking the floor
Chernobyl
(Video)
It's a well known fact, On 26 of April,1986, Reactor 4 at the Chernobyl nuclear power station, near the town of Pripyat Ukraine, exploded; the whole area was radioactively contaminated. In the first few days, about thirty people who were strongly irradiated, whilst fighting with fire died. Those residents of Pripyat, who were evacuated later suffered varying degrees of radiation poisoning. The World Health organisation estimates that over 200 000 people died as a result of the fallout including many of the former Chernobyl liquidators. Twenty years after the disaster, the area within a 30 mile radius of the power station is still uninhabitable. The experts say that the amount of radioactive materials was equal to the consequences of explosions of 500 atomic bombs of Hiroshima in 1945.
The radioactive cloud, which was formed as result of the disaster covered not only Ukraine, but other countries: Russia, Belarus, Eastern Europe, Scandinavia, Great Britain and eastern parts of the USA.
It's a regretable fact, more than two decades after explosion, the effects of the nuclear disaster are still being felt in the country: 4000 cases of thyroid cancer have been linked to the effects of radioactive contamination. There was an increase in malformations of newly-born children.
In the middle of May 1986 the government has made a decision on long-term conservation of destroyed Unit 4. The object has received the name “Shelter” and it doesn’t have even close analogues and experience of its maintenance.
In 2003, the United Nations Development program launched a project called the Chernobyl Recovery and Development program for the recovery of the affected areas. The main goal of the program activities is supporting the Government of Ukraine to mitigate long-term social economic and ecological consequences of the Chernobyl disaster.
25 years passed and the limits of the “Shelter” are coming to an end. Nowadays an International Building organisation is working at creating a new protection system. To date, the Chernobyl disaster is the only nuclear accident that has been classified a “major accident” by the International Atomic Energy Agency. Now it is a worldwide concern.
Chairman. Anastasia Redina, the representative of NASA, will tell us about the space shuttle “Challenger” accident.
The NASA representative is taking the floor.
The Space Shuttle “Challenger” Accident
On January 28, 1986 the morning sky of Florida was illuminated by a horrible explosion. It was the explosion of the space shuttle. Why did it happen?
It was meant to be one of the routine space flights. In previous years “Challenger” flew on 85% of all space shuttle missions. “Challenger’s” many spaceflights accomplishment included the first American woman, African-American in space; three Spacelab missions; and the first night launch night landing of a space shuttle.
This time the crew had to launch a new sputnik to make some experiments on board a space ship.
It should be mentioned that there were seven astronauts including a primary school teacher. It was Ronald Ragan the President of the USA who decided that the first civil astronaut would be a school teacher, who was supposed to become a symbol of a new era. She had to give 3 space lessons, 15 minutes each, which should be broadcasted all over the world. The teacher’s task was to explain children how the spaceship works and to tell them about the great significance of space flights. Without doubt those lessons could contribute greatly to the history of education. But unfortunately the chance hadn’t been realised…
Lots of spectators and journalists were looking forward to watch a spectacular show of the space flight. It was a very exciting moment and nobody could even think that in a few seconds after the rocket’s launching there will be a terrible explosion, which will cause the deaths of all the space crew. Challenger was destroyed in the second minute of the orbiter’s tenth mission. (Video)
This disaster stopped the development of American space program for years. Though the presidential Commission on the space Shuttle Challenger accident reviewed in detail, all available data, reports and records, directed and supervised numerous tests, analyses and experiments by NASA and developed the range of most possible causative factors, the human’s kind-hearted attitude to space research vanished forever. America was shocked. The country made 55 successful space flights and their safe landings were taken for granted. By 1977 the first space shuttle was launched, and by 1980’s trips into space were so common as to be boring. This tragic explosion of the space shuttle not only froze any new space programs for many years, but along with the Chernobyl nuclear disaster in the same year made Americans doubt for the first time the power of science.
In conclusion I’d like to say that only in 1988 America sighed with relief when a new space ship “Discovery” was launched into orbit. It marked America’s return to manned space flights. After a three year break Americans started to believe in their new ambitious project – the landing of a man on Mars.
Chairman. And now I’d like Victoria Ivanova to take the floor. She is the representative of one of the most known international ecological organizations called “Green Peace”.
The representative of “Green Peace” is taking the floor.
The “British Petroleum” Gulf Oil Spill
The Transocean rig Deepwater Horizon exploded on April 20, 2010 and sank on April 22 resulting in an oil leak spotting as much as 50 000 barrels of oil a day. Besides, the oil slicks on the surface of the Gulf of Mexico, which is visible from space and present an acute hazard to fish, turtles, marine mammals and birds.
Scientists say there are under water plumes that could decimate ocean life from the surface to a depth of one mile where the broken well is found.
The “BP” spill is considered the world’s largest accidental oil release into marine waters. “BP” and government scientists agreed an attaching the cap to kill the well installing funnel-shaped covers at the site and using robots to stop the oil spill. Oil field engineering companies have deployed four remotely operated vehicles (ROVs) to the wellhead about 5 000 feet below the ocean surface. While ROVs have been used by the oil and gas industry for more than 30 years, this particular mission is highly complex due to the great depth of the wellhead, as well as the first of its kind.
In July “Exxon”, “Royal Dutch Shell”, “Chevron” and “ConocoPhillips” announces a $1 billion plan to upgrade spill-response capabilities. Industry critics say: “This accident may have been caused by “BP”, but it happened to the whole industry. In this regard the whole industry needs to reestablish trust”.
While it’s too early to predict the extend of the spill’s volume, let alone its impact, already 11 oil rig workers have died; fishermen in one of the motion’s most productive fishing grounds have been put out of business- at least temporarily; offshore oil exploration has been halted in many areas.
The environmental, social, economic and political fallout from the spill are difficult to predict, but could be long- lasting. Looking to the future, some seafood production in the US could be halved; fish, marine mammals and bird life could be significantly harmed by the oil spill; and the spill itself could spread far up the East coast after it is caught in the Gulf of Mexico loop current.
President Obama toured the areas impacted by the Gulf coast oil spill and gave the residents his pledge that the federal government would keep helping until the disaster is ended.
Chairman. And now the representative of Fuel and Energy Ministry is going to take the floor.
The representative of Fuel and Energy Ministry is taking the floor.
I would like to share with you some information concerning our coal-mining industry.
At present more than 100 mines are working over 45 years, 150 mines are operating without reconstruction more than 20 years.
It’s a regrettable fact but almost every mine needs to be reconstructed.
It must be admitted that the probability of fire and explosion is increasing because of wear and tear of mine equipment. Enough attention is not paid to degassing of the mines. This leads to methane explosion. As to fire protection it leaves much to be desired. Moreover, people often breach safety regulations at their working places. All this causes technological disasters.
In these cases our rescuers know what to do, how to save the lives of others, sometimes risking their own lives.
Look at the screen, please. (Video)
It’s a well-known fact that brave and strong people mine for coal in the bowels of the earth. The wealth and power of our country are created due to their hard work.
In conclusion I’d like to say that time has come to take decisive measures to make the miner’s work safer.
Chairman. It’s difficult to imagine our lives without using innovating techniques. Unfortunately, the usage of some of them may result in technological-caused disasters which often have long-term impacts. That’s why it’s really important to get ready for any of it . Getting ready means being informed, having knowledge of the causes of certain disasters and survival techniques. There are four commandments of safe existence:
1) you should be able to predict and recognize dangers and try to avoid them;
2) you should know about dangers around you and your own abilities;
3) you should act competently;
4) you should improve your physical and mental abilities to withstand dangers.
These rules are of great importance to save your own life and the lives of others.
To survive in a dangerous situation means to be well-informed. I hope, these signs will stand you in good stead in case you happen to be at the place of a technology-caused disaster abroad.
Pay attention to the following warning signs:
Explosive substances –
Radioactivity –
Biohazard –
High voltage –
Magnetic field –
Poisonous substances –
Let me call your attention to the following phrases:
Closed – Закрыто
Open – Открыто
Entrance – Вход
Exit – Выход
Pull – На себя
Push – От себя
No entry – Вход воспрещён
Road closed – Проход (проезд) закрыт
Detour – Объезд
Caution – Осторожно!
Danger – Опасно!
Emergency exit – Запасной выход
Fire escape – Пожарная лестница
Tele(phone) – Телефон
Up(stairs) – Вверх
Information – Справочное бюро
Down(stairs) – Вниз
In case of an accident contact the emergency services on 999 – При несчастном случае свяжитесь со службой срочной помощи 999
In the event of fire do not use the lift/elevator – При пожаре лифтом не пользоваться
Put down these phrases into your vocabularies.
And now I’d like to invite the group of the inventors from the design bureau. They will present their latest inventions to our attention.
The inventors are taking the floor.
P1.Good morning ladies and gentlemen! Our report will be devoted to the environmental friendly sources of energy and to inventions which will make our life safer, easier, longer and warmer.
It’s a well-known fact that the modern world needs a lot of energy to get electricity. The main electricity sources are fossil fuels such as coal, oil, natural gas, created by plants and animals long ago. But they are non-renewable and environmentally harmful because burning fossils fuels causes pollution of the environment of the atmosphere. As to the nuclear power we should remember about one important thing . It is difficult to dispose of radioactive waste. Natural sources of energy such as sun , wind, waves and geothermal energy are renewable and environmentally friendly. And we should learn to use these sources of energy effectively. Hydropower and biomass are renewable sources of energy too.
Now I’d like to concentrate your attention on our
inventions. This mini-plant is designed to burn different organic wastes from
vegetable peel and seed
husks to polyethylene bags and bottles. And you can get a lot of fuel.
We have found the way to fight litter. This
bottle is able to dispose during 10 days. It is like the
usual plastic bottle. The only difference is that it is made on the basis of maize.
P2. It is possible to fill in cars and lorries with petrol and gas. But it is better to
fill them with ethyl alcohol for protection of our environment.
And now I’d like to draw your attention to a unit for a house which make ethyl alcohol from sugar, yeast and water.
All you have to do is to open the door of the unit, put sugar into it, push the button and ethyl alcohol is ready in a few days. It is necessary to use only raw sugar ( not plump sugar ), which with the help of yeast turns into ethyl. This device is equipped with a pump and a hose with a pistol for refueling an automobile.
The use of sugar as raw material doesn’t cause unpleasant smell, moreover waste water remains so clean that you can drink it.
.
P3. Wind, sun and water are not the only environmentally friendly energy sources. The alternative energy source is also a ground . We fix your attention on the invention of a way of transformation of ground into electricity. Transformation becomes possible due to the use of the anode and the cathode which are located in the ground, and all this design is connected with an assembly plate which charges the battery. The battery charged in such a way is capable to generate electricity which is enough for several hours of illumination.
Chairman: Oh, and here are the representative of the young generation. As far as I’ve understood they are initiating the action of protest.
P1. We are the representatives of the young generation
P2. We are here because we are not indifferent to the fate of our country.
P3. We call for nature protection.
P4. Chernobyl was a real tragedy for the Ukrainian natiоn.
P5. Two nuclear reactors at Rovno nuclear power station have already exceeded the time-limit.
P6.No nuclear power stations!
P7. No new Chernobyls!
P8. No new nuclear disasters and risk!
P9. Let’s use renewable sources of energy!
P10. Let’s be environmentally friendly!
P11. Our government should undertake serious measures.
P12. Let’s save our home!
P13. Let’s save our planet!
P14. Our fragile planet needs protection.
P15.Be active . Do it today and now, otherwise it will be late tomorrow!
Chairman. So to make a long story short I would like to sum up everything that was said here. I believe that environment disasters can be avoided if people broaden ecological education and every person understands that the beauty of nature is extremely fragile and people must obey the unwritten laws of nature.
Our first spaceman Y. Gagarin said: “How beautiful our blue planet is. How small it is. People of the world, take care of it, protect it.”
I want to thank everybody for the participation in the conference.
And now I’d like you, boys and girls, to fill in these tables to evaluate your own work. You have several minutes for preparation.
Self-assessment table. Name-------------------------------Form 11 NVK № 10
| I know the words on the topic “Technological Disasters” | 1-2-3 | 4-5-6 | 7-8-9 | 10-11-12 |
| I can speak about the new technological advances and Inventions. | 1-2-3 | 4-5-6 | 7-8-9 | 10-11-12 |
| I can write a speech on a technology-caused disaster . | 1-2-3 | 4-5-6 | 7-8-9 | 10-11-12 |
| I can present my work. | 1-2-3 | 4-5-6 | 7-8-9 | 10-11-12 |
We do not inherit the earth from our ancestors,
We borrow it from our children.
Native American Proverb
Мы не унаследовали Землю у наших родителей,
Мы взяли её в долг у наших детей
Американская пословицa
10
800
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