Практикум по развитию навыков устной речи для учащихся 6-8 классов

АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК

ПРАКТИКУМ

ПО РАЗВИТИЮ НАВЫКОВ УСТНОЙ РЕЧИ ДЛЯ УЧАЩИХСЯ ОБЩЕОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНЫХ ШКОЛ И ШКОЛ С УГЛУБЛЕННЫМ ИЗУЧЕНИЕМ АНГЛИЙСКОГО ЯЗЫКА

Предисловие

Настоящая работа представляет собой практикум по развитию навыков устной разговорной речи на английском языке и предназначается для учащихся 6-8 классов.

Материал заимствован из современной английской и американской художественной литературы, учебной литературы, а также из периодических изданий на английском языке.

Слова и обороты речи отбирались по принципу их употребительности в устных речевых ситуациях, для которых характерными являются нейтральный и разговорный стили речи. При работе с практикумом на занятиях могут найти свое применение самые разнообразные виды и типы упражнений, обычно используемых при обучении устной речи на английском языке (вопросно-ответные, пересказ, создание ситуаций, заучивание наизусть, составление диалогов на определенную тему или с использованием определенного языкового материала, драматизация диалога или текста и т.п.).

1. MAN AND HIS FAMILY I. ЧЕЛОВЕК И ЕГО СЕМЬЯ

1.NAME 1. ИМЯ

What is your name? Как Вас зовут?

How is one to call you?)

I am called — (My name is…) Меня зовут...

I shall call you by your first Я буду Вас звать по имени.

name.

My name is Edward, Ned for Мое имя Эдвард, а уменьшительное

short, - Нед.

My maiden name is — Моя девичья фамилия...

What's his nickname? Какое у него прозвище?

What's the pet name of the Как ребенка зовут ласкательно?

child?

How do you spell your name? Как пишется Ваше имя?

I'm going to call you Bill for Для краткости я буду звать Вас Билл.

short.

Не goes by the name of Dicky. Его обычно зовут Дикки.

I was called after my father. Меня назвали по отцу.

Don't call me Nell, it's a liberty, He называйте меня Нелл, я не

I don't allow. допускаю такой вольности.

The name he told me was Имя, которое он назвал, было

quite different, совсем другим.

Name your name. Назовите свое имя.

What are the relations between Каковы родственные отношения

you and N.? между Вами и Н.?

I am distantly related to her on Она моя дальняя родственница со

my mother's side. стороны матери.

Не is no relative of mine. Он мне не родственник.

We are distantly related. Мы дальние родственники.

Distant cousin. Дальний родственник

Не (she) is my remote kinsman. Он (она) мне седьмая вода на киселе.

2. AGE 2. ВОЗРАСТ

How old are you? (What is your age?) Сколько Вам лет?

I am sixteen (years old) Мне шестнадцать лет.

I am sixteen (years of age).

I am about twenty. Мне около двадцати.

I am not twenty yet. (I am Мне нет еще двадцати.

still in my teens. I am under

twenty. I am on the right

side of twenty.)

I am over twenty. (I am on the Мне за двадцать.

wrong side of twenty.)

I am well past twenty. Мне далеко за двадцать.

I will never see twenty again. Мне перевалило за двадцать.

I am just out of my twenties. Мне только что минуло три­дцать.

I am twenty odd. Мне двадцать с лишним.

I am hard on thirty. Мне уже под тридцать.

Не cannot be a day over forty. Ему никак не может быть

больше сорока.

When were you born? Когда Вы родились?

I was born on the 15th of May, 1926 Я родился 15 мая 1926 года.

When is your birthday? Какого числа день Вашего

рождения?

When is your name-day? Когда Ваши именины?

Are you of age? Вы совершеннолетний?

No, I'm still under age. Нет, я еще несовершенно­летний.

Are you of military age (of the Вы призывного возраста?

call-up age)?

He is aging fast. Он быстро мужает.

She is a marriageable girl. Ее возраст позволяет ей всту­пить

в брак. They are all teen-agers. Им всем нет еще 20 лет.

Не is in his manhood. Он возмужалый.

He is twice as old as I am. Он вдвое старше меня.

They are all younger than he is. Все они моложе его.

Не has grown old. Он состарился.

Нe has lived to a great age. Он дожил до глубокой старости.

Не is as old as the hills. Он старый-престарый.

She'll outlive anyone. Она переживет любого.

Не looks young for his age. Он выглядит моложе своих лет.

She looks her age. Она выглядит не старше своих лет.

3. ORIGIN AND NATIONALITY 3. ПРОИСХОЖДЕНИЕ И

НАЦИОНАЛЬНОСТЬ

What country are you from? Откуда Вы родом?

(What country do you come

from? Where are you from?)

Where is your birthplace? Где Вы родились?

Where were you born? Где Вы родились?

I was born in N. Я родился в Н.

I belong here. Я родом из этих мест.

Не is from (comes from) Он родом из Франции.

France.

What is your nationality? Какой Вы национальности?

Where were you brought up Где Вы воспитывались?

(raised)?

What are you by origin? Кто Вы по происхождению?

Не is my countryman. Он мой соотечественник.

She is my countrywoman. Она моя соотечественница.

What is your language? Какой Ваш родной язык?

My language is Russian Мой родной язык — русский.

4. FAMILY 4. СЕМЬЯ

The Smiths have adopted an Семья Смита усыновила сироту.

orphan.

She is an expectant mother. Она будущая мать.

He is a widower (bachelor). Он вдовец (холостяк).

He is a family man. Он семейный человек.

She has five children, each У нее пять детей, мал мала

smaller than the last. меньше.

There are five of them. Их пятеро.

Не is a pet-model. Он баловень.

Look at those young toddlers Посмотрите на этих малышей.

(tiny tots).

Members of the family Члены семьи.

Parents Родители.

Old folks at home (old folks) Старики (родители).

Father, mother Отец, мать.

Son, daughter Сын, дочь.

Senior son Старший сын.

Junior son Младший сын.

Eldest son (daughter) Старший (-ая) сын (дочь).

Youngest son (daughter) Младший (-ая) сын (дочь).

Full brother (sister) Родной (-ая) брат (сестра).

Elder brother (sister) Старший (-ая) брат (сестра).

Eldest brother (sister) Самый (-ая) старший (-ая).

Younger brother (sister) Младший (-ая) брат (сестра).

Ancestors Прародители.

Grandparents Дедушка и бабушка.

Grandfather (grandpapa, Дед (детск. разг. дедушка).

grand-dad)

Grandmother (grandmamma Бабушка (детск. разг. бабуся).

grandma, granny, grannie)

Great grandfather (-mother) Прадед (прабабушка).

Descendants Потомки.

Grandchildren Внучата.

Great grandchild Правнук (правнучка).

Great grandson (granddaughter) Правнук (правнучка).

Relatives Родственники.

Have you any relation to them? У Вас есть какие-либо родст­венные

связи с ними?

Не (she) is my — Он (она) мой (моя)...

First cousin Двоюродный (-ая) брат (сестра).

Second cousin Троюродный (-ая) брат (се­стра).

Father (mother) -in-law. Свекор, тесть (свекровь, теща).

Uncle (aunt(ie) Дядя (тетя).

Nephew (niece) Племянник (-ца).

Son (daughter) -in-law Зять (невестка, сноха).

Sister-in-law Невестка, золовка, свояченица.

Step-father (-mother) Отчим (мачеха).

Step-child (Step-son (-daughter) Пасынок (падчерица).

Godchild (godson (daughter) Крестник или крестница.

Godfather (mother) Крестный (-ая).

MY FAMILY

We are an average Russian family. There are four of us: my mother, my father, my brother and me.

I am Sasha Ivanov. Sasha is my first name and Ivanov is my last name. I am fifteen.

I've got a grandfather. He does not live with us but I feel him a member of our family. He often comes to see us. He was an engineer. Now he is retired. My grandfather knows all about radio sets and likes to repair old ones. He is also handy with many things. Now he can fix almost everything: a vacuum cleaner, a washing machine, a fridge and what not. He's got a few shelves where he keeps everything he needs. On the table there is always a radio in pieces.

My father is forty-five years old. He is an engin­eer. He works in the office of an engineering com­pany. He is always busy. He has very little free time. He likes his job and there are chances of pro­motion. He is very experienced. He is not very tall. His hair is fair. He has got grey eyes and very kind round face. His forehead is high, his manners are very quiet and pleasant. He seems to me a hand­some man.

My mother is a teacher of Russian literature. She works in a college. She likes her profession-She is a good-looking woman with brown hair. She is forty-four but she looks much younger. She is slim.

My parents are hard-working people. My moth­er keeps house and takes care of us. She is very good at cooking and she is clever with her hands-She sews perfectly. She can do everything out of nothing. She is very practical. My father and I try to help her with the housework. I wash the dishes, go shopping and tidy flat.

My brother Alex is eleven. He is a schoolboy. He wants to become a doctor but he is not sure yet. Three years ago he dreamt of being a cosmonaut.

I want to become a student. I'd like to be a com­puter programmer. I think I take after my father. I'm tall, fair-haired and even-tempered. I always try to be in a good mood.

At the weekends we usually go to the country­side to ski in winter and to walk in the forest in summer. But most of all I like family feasts. We have got a lot of relatives. My aunts, uncles and cousins live in different parts of Moscow. On holi­days they often come to our place. We have a very good time together. We are deeply attached to each other and we get on very well.

Words and Expressions

and what not — и так далее, и тому подобное

average - средний

to be deeply attached to smb — быть силь­но привязанным к кому-л.

to be bandy with smth — уметь делать что-л, быть искусным в чём-л.

to be in a good mood — быть в хорошем настрое­нии

cosmonaut - космонавт

even-tempered - уравновешенный

experienced - опытный, квалифици­рованный, со стажем

fair-haired - светловолосый

to fix - чинить, исправлять

forehead - лоб

fridge - холодильник

to get on well — быть в хороших отношениях, ладить друг с другом

good-looking — красивый, миловидный

handsome - красивый

in pieces — разобранный на части

quiet - спокойный

to retire - уйти на пенсию

sew - шить

she is clever with her hands — у нее умелые ру­ки

she is good at cooking — она хорошо готовит

MY FRIEND

My best friend's name is Nick. We live in the same block of flats, so we see each other almost every day. So we meet frequently not only at home but at school. We are of the same age and study at the same form. We got acquainted many years ago but he seemed to be a selfish boy and I didn't like him at first. He was a bright pupil. As I got to know him better I understood he was a nice guy and we made friends.

He is very honest and just. understanding and kind. I trust him a lot and I'm sure that I can rely on him in any situation. He never lets people down- Nick is very responsible — he finishes whatever he starts. He's got only one shortcoming. He is a bit stubborn. nevertheless he is pleasant to deal with. I never quarrel with Nick. But if there is some misunder­standing between us we try to make peace as soon as possible. What I like best about him is that he is always willing to help and I share his knowledge, thoughts, and feelings.

We have much in common. We often watch vi­deo. Sometimes we go to the cinema or to the the­atre, or walk around the center of Moscow, visiting small cafes, museums, art galleries, shops. We talk for hours about all sorts of things (politics, love, teachers, girls). We discuss films, television programmes, books. We go in for sports . and like to play chess; we enjoy listening to music. So we get along perfectly. His father is a computer programmer. He is the most brilliant man I've ever met. He knows everything there is to know about computers. His mother is a music teacher. No wonder Nick is so talented. He's got a very good ear (or music. He likes jazz and plays the piano very well. He likes any good music. Now Nick collects compact discs of his favourite groups and singers, he carefully studies the information printed on disc booklets. He also tries to find out everything about the singers he likes. That's why he reads a lot of specialized magazines and never misses MTV shows (he thinks he must keep up with the news in the world of music). He even writes letters to some fan-clubs in other countries, so he has to brush up his English. He never misses a concertof his favourite group (if they come to our city). He brings his compact discs to the concert and asks the singers for their autographs. I don't know if Nick is handsome or not. I don't care about it. His figure is delicate. He has an oval face with a long straight nose and a high forehead. His hair is fair and curly as his mother's. I respect him for his fairness, strong will. intellect and modesty.

Working day

I Use the right words and word combinations:

morning exercises; got up; washed; walked; a quarter to 10; breakfast; left; it took me; got on; had dinner; arrived; was busy; came; went; watched TV; went to bed; a short rest; sat down; to read; turned off; at the weekend.

It was Monday yesterday. I... at about seven o'clock. Then I did my ...,... and had... . At 8.301 ...the house and ...to the station. ... fifteen minutes to get there. I... the 9 o'clock train and ... in the city at... , and ... to my office. At the office I ... till 6 p.m. When I ... home I ... and then I had ... . In the evening I like ... a little, but yesterday I ... into my favourite armchair and.... Then I rang up my friend Harry and told him that I wanted to see him .... Harry agreed. Then I... the light and... .

II. Use the right prepositions or adverbs:

Every morning regularly, ... ten o'clock, when her lecture was..., Jean came ... the room, where I was already ... work.

Her careful*, accurate work was of great help ... me. She prepared hundreds... slides which it was necessary to examine. She was very careful and never made a mistake. Her presence stimulated me greatly.

... one o'clock we had lunch ... the laboratory.

... the seventh day, as we worked silently, I heard a step and turned .... Professor Challis stood ... the doorway.

"I thought I'd look in, Robert, to see how you were getting on."

I rose at once and introduced him ... Jean. He bowed ... her in his old-fashioned manner. I understood that he liked her.

... that he came regularly to visit us, often ... the lunch hour. He sat ... a chair watching us with his bright eyes. He often told us ... his life as a young student ... Paris, ... the Sorbonne, where he worked under the great Duclaux.

(From "Shannon's Way" by A. Cronin)

III. Read aloud and remember:

to be — was, were — been

to begin — began — begun

to come — came — come

to do — did — done

to get — got — got

to give — gave — given

to go — went — gone

to have — had — had

to know — knew — known

to leave — left — left to lie — lay — lain

to make — made — made

to meet — met — met

to read — read — read

to ring — rang — rung

to run — ran — run

to say — said — said

to see — saw — seen

to sing — sang — sung

to sit — sat — sat

to spend — spent ~ spent

to take — took — taken

to think — thought — thought

to understand — understood — understood

to wake — woke — woken

to write — wrote — written

IV. Answer the questions:

1. What time do you get up? 2. Do you get up so early on Sundays? 3. Do you do your morning exercises every day? 4. Where do you have your breakfast? 5. What time do you leave home? 6. What time do you come to your office? 7. How long does it take you to get there? 8. How many hours do you stay at the office? 9. What time does your work begin? 10. Are you sometimes late for work? 11. Do you always come on time? 12. Did you come to your office on time yesterday? 13. What time is your lunch hour? How long does it last? 14. What time is your working day over? 15. Where do you usually go after work? 16. Where did you go after work yesterday? 17. What is your day off? 18. How many days a week do you work? 19. Where do you usually spend the weekend? 20. How did you spend your last weekend?

V. Use the verbs in the Past Indefinite Tense:

I (to get up) very late yesterday. I (to look) out of the win­dow and (to see) that the weather (to be) bad. So I (to think) for some time and (to decide) that I (to have) time to myself. Suddenly the telephone (to ring). I (to come) up to the tele­phone and (to take) the receiver. My Friend Nick (to call). He (to say) that it (to be) his day off and (to invite) me to his place. I (to spend) the whole day there. First we (to talk) about our problems; then we (to watch) TV, there (to be) an interesting American film which we (to like), then we (to have) tea in the kitchen and (to talk) again. We (to listen) to some music and when I (to look) at the watch I (to see) that it (to be) 8 in the evening. I (to think) I must be off and (to say) goodbye to Nick. When I (to come) home my parents (to ask) me, "You (to have) a good time?" "Yes," I (to answer), "I certainly (to do)." But I (to be) sorry, I (not to write) a single page on that day.

VI Read the text and retell it. Begin with: "Yesterday... ."

I usually get up at seven o'clock. I open the window, make my bed and do my morning exercises. Then I wash and dress. In half an hour I'm ready for breakfast, my mother makes it for me. After breakfast I put on my hat and coat, take my bag and go to school. Classes begin at eight. As I live near my school I always walk there. We usually have six lessons every day. At 2 o'clock in the afternoon the school is over. I come home, have dinner, wash up and have a short rest. At 5 o'clock I sit down to do my homework. It usually takes me three hours to do my homework. Sometimes I go to the cinema or visit my friends in the evening. At 8 o'clock I have supper. After supper our family gets together in the living room where we talk, read newspapers and books and watch TV. At eleven o'clock I go to bed.

AT HOME ДОМА
1. THE HOUSE 1. ДОМ

I live in a house with the Я живу в доме со всеми (co-
latest (modern) conve- временными) удобствами.

niences.
Не lives in a four-room flat Он живет в четырехкомнатной

with all modern improve- квартире со всеми современ-

ments. ными удобствами.
We have a flat of two rooms. У нас квартира из двух комнат.
I live in a two storeyed (sto- Я живу в двухэтажном доме.

ried)house
The house is not very large, Дом не большой, но красивый

but pretty and comfortable, и уютный.
The house is rather nice and Дом довольно красивый и про-

roomy. сторный.
It is a small house with shut- Это маленький домик со став-

ters that are barred from the нями, которые закрываются

outside, снаружи.
There is a shop in the ground На первом этаже нашего дома

story of the house, магазин.
The house measures 30 feet Дом имеет 30 футов в длину

long and 25 feet wide. и 25 в ширину.
Our apartment is on the sunny Наша квартира на солнечной

side of the house, стороне дома.
Our house faces (fronts, gives Наш дом выходит на море

on, overlooks) the sea (street, (улицу, в сад).

garden).

The house has a southern as- Дом обращен (выходит) на юг.

pect (exposure).

(The house is exposed to the South.)

We have a house with a view of У нас дом с выходом к морю.

the sea.

The odd houses are on the Дома с нечетными номерами

other side of the street, находятся на другой стороне улицы.

The houses with even numbers Дома с четными номерами на-

are on this side of the street. ходятся на этой стороне улицы.

We established ourselves in the Мы поселились в новом доме

new house a week ago. неделю тому назад.

We are going to move to new Мы собираемся переезжать на

quarters, новую квартиру.

We have moved into new apart- Мы переехали на новую квартиру.

ments.

A building Здание.

A multistoreyed building Высотное здание.

A lodging Жилище.

A lodgement Жилище, квартира.

A dwelling Жилище, дом.

A dwelling house Жилой дом.

A dwelling place Местожительство.

A private residence Большой частный дом.

A mansion Большой особняк.

A cottage Коттедж, дача.

A country house Загородный дом, дача.

A bungalow Одноэтажный дом с верандой.

A wing Флигель.

A hut Хижина.

A hovel Лачуга.

A mud hut Мазанка.

A shanty Хибарка.

A barrack Барак.

A gate house Сторожка у ворот.

An apartment (apartments), a flat Квартира.

An extension Пристройка.

The front of a house Фасад дома.

An attic Мансарда, чердак.

A balcony Балкон.

A roof Крыша.

A landing Лестничная площадка.

Back stairs Черная лестница.

An entrance hall Прихожая.

A hall Передняя, вестибюль, холл.

A cloak-room Гардероб.

A passage (corridor) Коридор.

A drawing-room (sitting-room) Рабочий кабинет.

A dining-room Столовая.

A bedroom Спальня.

A library Библиотека.

A living-room Общая комната.

A nursery Детская.

A kitchen Кухня.

A bath-room Ванная.

A pantry (larder, box-room) Кладовая.

A cellar Погреб, подвал, подполье.

A lavatory (toilet) Уборная.

Floor (Storey) Этаж.

The ground floor Нижний (первый) этаж.

The first floor Второй (Am. первый) этаж.

The top floor Верхний этаж.

2. PREMISES AND OUTHOUSE 2. ПРИЛЕГАЮЩАЯ К ДОМУ ТЕРРИТОРИЯ И НАДВОРНЫЕ ПОСТРОЙКИ

At the back (rear) of the house На заднем дворе имеется огород.

there is a kitchen garden

At the front of the house we Перед фасадом дома у нас цветник.

have a small flower garden

An arbo(u)r Беседка (обычно из зелени).

A summer-house Беседка.

A flowerbed Клумба.

An orchard Сад (фруктовый).

A garden plot Участок земли под сад.

A lawn (grass-plot) Лужайка.

A court Площадка для спортивных игр.

A hedge Живая изгородь, плетень.

A pond Пруд.

A yard Двор.

A garage Гараж.

A kennel Собачья будка.

A shed(barn) Сарай.

A,hayloft Сеновал.

Flower Garden Цветник.

The flowers smelt so sweet. Цветы пахли так приятно.

Flowers came out with a rush. Цветы буйно распустились.

These flowers are new-blown. Эти цветы только что рас­цвели.

There blossomed a marvellous Там цвела чудесная роза.

rose.

What beautiful petals! Какие чудесные лепестки!

The plants have broken into Растения зацвели.

blossom.

The flowers have finished Цветы отцвели.

blossoming,

All the flowers are ablaze. Все цветы пышно цвету.

In beds flared many great red На грядках алело множество.

poppies, крупных красных маков.

The garden is in (full) bloom. Сад в (полном) цвету.

The roses have run wild. Розы одичали.

The flowers have withered. Цветы завяли.

The flowers are touched with Цветы прихвачены морозом.

frost.

I prefer artificial flowers to Я предпочитаю искусственные

natural ones because they цветы живым, так как они

never wither. никогда не вянут.

3. CONDITION OF A HOUSE 3. СОСТОЯНИЕ ДОМА

The house is in good repair. Дом в хорошем состоянии.

The house is falling into decay. Дом приходит в упадок.

The house is in a state of neg- Дом в запущенном состоянии.

lect.

The house is in need of re- Дом требует ремонта.

pair.

The house has to be done up. Дом необходимо отремонтиро­вать.

4. ROOM 4. КОМНАТА

We occupy two communicating Мы занимаем две смежные

rooms, комнаты.

This room is designed as а Эта комната предназначена

study. под кабинет.

What a spacious (tiny) room Какая у вас просторная (ма-

you have! ленькая) комната!

Oh, what a nice cosy room! 0, какая чудесная, уютная комната!

I have settled as snug as a bug Я очень уютно устроился.

in a rug (coll.).

I like comfort as a cat. Я люблю уют, как кошка.

Everything you have is in Все у вас в таком образцовом

such beautiful order, порядке.

Isn't it a comfortable room? Ну, разве это не уютная ком­ната?

The room is four metres long Комната имеет четыре метра.

by five metres wide. в длину и пять в ширину.
То air the room Проветривать комнату.
То do (tidy) the room Убирать комнату.
То dust the room Протирать пыль в комнате.
То decorate the room Отделывать комнату.
То paper the room Оклеивать комнату обоями.
То furnish the room Обставлять комнату.
То heat the room Отапливать комнату.
A naked (unfurnished) room Необставленная комната.
An untidy (disorderly) room Неопрятная комната.
A tidy (orderly) room Опрятная комната.

Window Окно.

The windows give on in two Окна выходят на две стороны.

directions.

The window commanded а Из окна открывался прекрасный

lovely view. вид.
The window of my room gives Окно моей комнаты выходит

(opens) on a lawn. на лужайку.
The windows look towards the Окна обращены к морю.

sea.

The room has three windows; В комнате три окна; все окна

all look out into the garden. выходят в сад.
Throw (fling) open the window. Распахните окно, пожалуйста.

please.
I think you'd better close Пожалуй, лучше закрыть окно,

(shut) the window, else иначе будет ужасный сквозняк.

there'll be a terrible draught,

Door Дверь.

Give me the key to the door. Дайте мне ключ от дверей.

Where is the key of the house? Где ключ от дома?

There is a door-plate and but- На наших дверях имеется до-

ton on our door. щечка с фамилией и кнопка.
'Where does this door lead to? Куда ведет эта дверь?
Does this door lead out on to Эта дверь выходит на улицу?

the street?

It leads into the yard. Она выходит во двор.
The door opens from the out- Дверь открывается снаружи

side (inside) (изнутри).
The door opens out into the Дверь выходит в коридор.

corridor.
An entrance (a front, street) Парадный вход.

door

An entrance Вход.
In the doorway В дверях, на пороге.

A back-door Черный ход.

A swing-door Двухстворчатая дверь.

To knock at the door Постучать в дверь.

To answer the bell (door) Открывать дверь на стук (зво­нок).

То bang (slam) the door Хлопать дверью.

То lock (unlock) the door Запирать (отпирать) дверь.

То press the bell Нажать кнопку звонка.

То ring the bell Позвонить.

Floor Пол.

A parquet floor Паркетный пол.

A polished floor Натертый пол.

A painted floor Крашеный пол.

Wall Стена.

A back (rear) wall Задняя стена.

A bare wall Голая стена.

A papered wall Стена, оклеенная обоями.

A whitewashed wall Побеленная стена.

A plastered wall Оштукатуренная стена.

A wall painted blue Стена, окрашенная в синий цвет.

5. LAMP AND LIGHT 5. ЛАМПА И ОСВЕЩЕНИЕ

I don't like a down light. Мне не нравится свет, который

падает вниз.

The lamp-shade gives a warm Абажур придает комнате нежную

(soft) colour to the room. окраску.

A wall lamp Бра.

A reading (table) lamp Настольная лампа.

A standing lamp Торшер.

A lead Шнур.

A plug Штепсельная вилка.

A switch Выключатель.

A wire Провод.

An electric bulb (lamp) Электрическая лампочка (лам­па).

A bulb of 75 candle power Лампочка в 75 свечей.

A stearin (tallow) candle Стеариновая (сальная) свеча.

A candlestick Подсвечник.

6. HEATING SYSTEM 6. ОТОПЛЕНИЕ

The room is overheated and Комната сильно натоплена и

badly ventilated, плохо проветрена.

What kind of heating system Какая система отопления в

have you in your house? вашем доме?

We have a central (steam, hot- У нас центральная (паровая,

water, stove) heating system. водяная, печная) система отопления

We heat our flat with wood. Мы отапливаем квартиру дро­вами.

Something is wrong with the Что-то неладно с радиатором:

hot-water radiator: it doesn’t он совершенно не обогревает комнату.

heat the room at all.

7. WATER SUPPLY 7. ВОДОСНАБЖЕНИЕ

Have you running water in У вас в доме есть водопровод?

your house?

No, we draw water from a well. Нет, мы берем воду из ко­лодца.

Don't turn the tap too tight. He закрывайте кран так силь­но.

The water is hard (soft, salty). Вода жесткая (мягкая, соло­новатая).

The water is turned off. Нам отключили воду.

Bath-room Ванная.

A bath-tub Ванна.

A shower Душ.

An instantaneous hot-water Нагреватель беспрерывного действия.

heater

A wash-stand (sink) Умывальник (раковина).

A glass-shelf for toilet articles Стеклянная полочка для туалетных

-(а bath-room wall cabinet) принадлежностей.

A shaving mirror Настенное зеркало для бритья.

8. GAS 8. ГАЗ

Is gas laid on to your house? У вас есть газ?

Gas stoves are very convenient. Газовые плитки очень удобны.

Where does the gas come from? Откуда поступает газ?

Can you bake with a gas stove? Вы умеете печь в газовой пли­те?

You can fry, boil, stew and На ней можно также жарить,

roast with it as well. варить и тушить.

Can you read the gas-meter? Вы умеете снимать показания

(take the readings of the газового счетчика?

gas-meter)?

10. FURNITURE 10. МЕБЕЛЬ

The furniture is of a nice de sign. Мебель красивой конструкции.

The style is modern. Стиль современный.

The furniture is very comfortable. Мебель очень удобная.

The built-in kind of furniture Встроенная мебель дает больше

gives more space (room). свободной площади.
Tne room is rather crowded Комната сильно заставлена мебелью.

with furniture.
I like the way you have arranged Мне нравится, как у вас расставлена

your furniture. мебель.

Yes, it makes the room seem Да, комната кажется больше.

вigger.
The room looks sunnier and Теперь комната стала более

more cheerful now. солнечной и веселой.
There is a lot of unused space here. Здесь много свободного места.

The corner is bare, why not put Угол пустует, почему бы не поставить

the three-shelf stand there? туда этажерку с тремя полками?
Where is this bookcase to go? Куда поставить этот книжный шкаф?
A piece of furniture Мебель (отдельная вещь)

A walnut suite of furniture Ореховый гарнитур.

A double-duty piece of furniture Мебель двойного назначения.

Sitting-room Гостиная

A sofa against the wall Диван у стены.
A TV or radio set on a stand Телевизор или радиоприемник.

or table на подставке или столике.
A low table with a glass cover Низкий столик под стеклом.
A set of chairs Комплект стульев.

Potted plants on flower-stands Цветы в горшках на подставках.

A carpet Ковер.

с) Bedroom с) Спальня

Two single beds (twin beds) Две односпальные (парные)

кровати.

A wardrobe (with a long glass) Гардероб (зеркальный платя­ной шкаф).

A clothes-hanger (hanger) Вешалка для платьев.

A chest of drawers Комод.

A bedside table Ночной столик или тумбочка.

A dressing table (with a three- Туалетный столик (с трельяжем).

panelled mirror)

A screen Ширма.

d) Dining-room d) Столовая

A cupboard (side-board) Буфет.

A set of chairs Комплект стульев.

e) Study e) Рабочий кабинет

A desk (with an ink-stand, а- Письменный стол (с чернильницей,

telephone, a lamp-shade, а телефоном, настольной лампой,

clock, writing-pad, a glass) часами, блокно­том, настольным стеклом).

f) Nursery f) Детская

A cot (crib) Детская кроватка.

A cradle Колыбель.

A stand (a low chest of Тумбочка (низкий комод) для

drawers) for toys игрушек.

A rug Коврик.

g) Kitchen and Cooking g) Кухня и кухонная

Utensils посуда

A kitchen (gas) range Кухонная (газовая) плита.

An oven Духовка.

An oil stove Керосинка.

A stove Печь.

A shovel (dust-pan) Совок (совок для мусора).

A dust (refuse)-bin Мусорный ящик (ведро.)

A refuse chute Мусоропровод.

An electric refrigerator Электрический холодильник.

A cupboard Буфет.

A built-in closet Встроенный шкаф.
A plate rack Подставка для сушки тарелок.

h) Bed h) Кровать

A single bed Односпальная кровать.
A double bed Двуспальная кровать.
A bedstead Кровать (без постели).
The bed-foot Сторона кровати, противопо-
ложная изголовью.
The bed-head Изголовье кровати.
A folding bed Складная кровать.

Table Стол

A desk (writing desk, writing Письменный стол с выдвижными

table) with drawers ящиками.
A dressing table Туалетный стол.
A lamp table Столик под лампу.
A round (oval) table Круглый (овальный) стол.
A console table Консольный столик.
A folding table ^- Складной стол.
A table drawer Выдвижной ящик (в столе).
A table leaf (flap) Опускная доска стола.
Chair Стул

An arm-chair Кресло.

A padded (stuffed) chair Мягкий стул.

A bentwood chair Венский стул.

A rocking chair Кресло-качалка.

A long-chair (lounge) Шезлонг.

A cane arm-chair Плетеное кресло.

A cane (basket, wicker) chair Плетеный стул.

A set of chairs Комплект стульев.

A folding chair Складной стул.

A low chair Низкий стул.

A stool Табурет, скамеечка.

A footstool Скамеечка для ног.

To take (have) a chair Садиться.

To sit on a chair Сидеть на стуле.

Exercises

1. Use the right word from those given in brackets:

1. There is a ... in my study room (table, kitchen, desk). 2. Is there any ... in that room? (cooker, furniture, fridge) 3. There is no ... in the house, it is cold in winter, (mirror, fire­place, telephone) 4. Is there ... in your kitchen? (hot water, garage, computer) 5. There is no balcony in my .... (garden, room, bathroom) 6. There are two large ... in the sitting room. (TV sets, wardrobes, windows) 7. Is there a ... in your sitting room? (bath, desk, TV set) 8. We have a table and some... in the dining room. (chairs, bookshelves, beds) 9. Have you any book­shelves in your...? (kitchen, garden, study room) 10. They have no ... on Sunday (visitors, teachers, students) 11. They have two ... near the fireplace, (beds, armchairs, tables) 12. ... the sofa he has a bookcase, (under, to the right of, over).

II. Finish the following:

1. 'We have four... in our new ....

* How much is it? — Сколько это стоит ?

2. My wife has a lot of things on ... in her bedroom.

3. They have no ... in the sitting room.

4. She has... in her bedroom.

5. In front of the house there is....

6. There is ... in his study room.

7. There are a lot of books ....

8. They have a garden behind their....

9. My bedroom faces ....

10. Our bedrooms are ....

11. When we get up in the morning we go to ....

12. If you want to make coffee go to ....

13. In the evening our father likes to watch TV in ....

14. In the corner of her room there is ....

15. Our flat is on ... .

III. Use prepositions or adverbs:

Mr. Foster is a young man. He is married and has two chil­dren. He plays cricket and football... his local club and works ... an office. He usually walks ... his office. He has lunch ... a small restaurant... his office.

Mr. Foster's office is not very large. There is a desk ... it and some chairs.... the desk there is a shelf... books and... the centre... the room there is a table. There is a vase... flowers on it.... the walls ... his room there are some pictures and a map.

... his desk there is a box ... which there are some old Roman coins; nobody uses them for money now. Mr. Foster collects them.

IV. Answer the questions:

1. Have you got a flat? 2. What floor is your flat on? 3. Is there a lift in your house? 4. Is your flat large? 5. Do you live with your parents? 6. How many rooms are there in your flat? 7. Have you a sitting room? 8. Have you got a separate bed­room? 9. Is your kitchen large? 10. What is your favourite place in the flat? 11. Do you like to stay at home with your family? 12. Who likes to watch TV in your family?

V. Use "some," "any,""no":

1.1 want to show you ... pictures. 2. There is ... coffee at home. '3. Are there ... bookshelves in your study room? 4. There are ... English students in our University. 5. Are there ... newspapers on his desk? 6. Have you got... children? 7. Jane has ... brother or sisters. 8. Has he ... French magazines at home? — Yes, he has .... 9.1 have ... friends in Britain. 10. We have ... pets at home.

VII. Use "some," "any," "no," "something," "anything," "noth­ing, " "somebody," "anybody," "nobody ":

1. Do you have ... classes today? — No, we have ... classes on Saturday. 2. Have you got... questions? 3.1 want to tell you ... interesting about our friend Sally. 4. Is there ... interesting in today's paper? 5. Come here, I'll show you ... pictures of our country house. 6. There is... in the fridge. Go and get... food. 7. Do you know ... in that house? 8. Hi! Is there ... in the house? — No, I'm afraid, there is ... . — Let's go and see. 9. There is light in the flat. ... is at home. 10. ... knows their new address.

Hobbies

Hobbies differ like tastes. Gardening is one of the oldest of man's hobbies. It is a well-known fact that the English are very fond of gardening and growing flowers, especially roses. My grandpa­rents are not the English, but they are fond of gar­dening. My grandpa cultivates vegetables and my grandma deals with fruit and all kinds of flowers. They conserve a lot, so their hobby is both useful and pleasant. And they use to say that if you have chosen a hobby according to your character and taste you are lucky because your life becomes more interesting.

I agree with them completely. Both grown-ups and children are fond of play­ing different computer games. This is a relatively new hobby but it is becoming more and more popular. I think it is a very exciting hobby.)? Cer­tainly it is interesting who will be the winner. It is rather good for a teenager to play computer games for it trains attention, a strong will to be the win­ner. But my mum hates it. She says that children hurt their eyes, they move a little, they press but­tons instead of real running, skating. But my dad teaches me to invent new computer games and pro­grammes. He says that this hobby may become my occupation as it was with my grandma. Her hobby was sewing. When I was a child she sewed every kind of cloth for me and even dolls. Later she be­came a skilled workwoman and in her own field she was a past master. She earned a lot. She taught my mum to sew well. I agree that if you have chosen a hobby accord­ing to your character and taste you are lucky because your life becomes more interesting, but if your choice is both interesting and useful you are twice lucky.

There are more than 1000 personal interests and ways to spend one's free time. The- most popu­lar hobbies are stamp-collecting, collecting view cards, match-box tops, badges, stones, flowers, shells, coins and books.

Gardening and cultivation of flowers, especial­ly roses, is the most common hobby of all among Englishmen.

Some people are interested in photography. They like taking off old buildings: palaces, castles, churches and old houses of historical interest. And some of people like to take photos of friends when they don't know they are being photographed. Others are interested in video films and they record family events there..

Playing a musical instrument, watching TV, swimming, fishing and watching birds are also popular leisure activity in Britain.

A useful hobby is collecting tape recordings. You may have recordings of operas, light music, folk music and concerts.

It's impossible to describe all these 1000 hobbies known in the world. The main thing is that they increase your knowledge in some particular field and broaden your outlook.

SPORTS IN RUSSIA AND IN MY LIFE

Sport helps people to stay in good shape, keeps them fit, healthy and makes them more organized and better disciplined in their daily activities.

Many sports are popular in Russia. They are: hockey, soccer, weightlifting, track and field, ten­nis, basketball, volleyball, boxing, figure-skating, cross-country skiing, swimming, judo and shoo­ting. All these sports have their strong supporters.

The Russians are not only sports fans. They take an active part in all sports and sports activities. It's been a tradition in this country to divide sport into professional and amateur. There are different sporting societies and clubs in Russia. Many of them take part in different international tourna­ments and are known all over the world. A great number of world records have been set by Russian sportsmen: gymnasts, weightlifters, tennis play­ers, swimmers, figure skaters, runners, high jum­pers. The former Soviet Union, which relied heavily on Russian athletes, has won more medals than any other team in all but two Summer Olym­pics since 1956.

In our country much attention is paid to organized sports and this shouldn't overshadow the many sport­ing activities which are a part of daily Russian life. Most Russians who grow up in the North, grow with outdoor winter sports and activities. Skating is a wide-spread activity. There are many skating-rinks in the cities.

There are many stadiums and public sports faci­lities in Russia. Numerous national and interna­tional matches and competitions are regularly held in Russia. They attract large numbers of fans. Most of the important games are televised alive. Thousands of people go to the stadiums to support their favourite team and many thousands more prefer to watch the games on TV. But watching sports events and going in for sports are two.different things. My favourite kind of sport is tennis. I've been playing it since I was eleven years old, and the more I play it the more I like it. There is a good tennis court not far from my house and whenever I have a chance I go there with a friend of mine.

Now I go the stadium to play volley-ball. I began to train with a coach. He says I'm good at volley-ball and soon I'll be a member of the volley-ball team of our city.

Words and еxpressions

Amateur - любительский

coach - тренер

disciplined - дисциплинированный

figure skater — фигурист

fit — зд. в хорошем состоянии, в хорошей форме

gymnast - гимнаст

high jumper — прыгун в высоту

in good shape — в хорошей спортивной форме

to overshadow - затмевать, заслонять

to pay attention — обращать внимание, уделять

внимание

professional- профессиональный

record ['reko:d]- рекорд

to set (set, set) — установить

sporting society - спортивное общество

to support - поддерживать, болеть

team [ti:m]- команда

throughout the world — во всем мире

tournament- турнир

weightlifter - тяжелоатлет

whenever - когда бы ни

Dialogue

— What does sport help people to do?

— Sport helps people to stay in good shape, keeps them fit, healthy and makes them more or­ganized and better disciplined in their daily activities.

— What can you say about sports in our schools, colleges and universities?

— We have always paid great attention to sport in our schools, colleges and universities. You can hardly (едва ли, с трудом) find a school without a gym or sport ground.

— Are there stadiums, swimming pools, sports grounds in the towns of Russia?

— Every city and town has a few stadiums or swim­ming pools where local (местный) competitions are usually held.

— Do our sportsmen participate in the Olympic Games?

— Our sportsmen participate in the Olympic

Games and always win a lot of gold, silver and ' bronze medals.

— Where can amateurs go in for sports?

— There are also a lot of amateur clubs and keep-fit centres (оздоровительный центр) in Russia where people go in aerobics (аэроби­ка), yoga (йога), body-building (боди-билдинг, развитие мышц), swimming, skat­ing, jogging (бег трусцой).

— Are there any broadcasting of sport events?

- There is an enormous amount of live broad­casting of all different types of sports events, professional and amateur at national and international levels.

TRAVELLING ПУТЕШЕСТВИЕ

1. GENERAL 1. ОБЩАЯ ЧАСТЬ

An express train Экспресс.
A fast train Скорый.
A passenger train Пассажирский.

A mail train Почтовый

A slow train Поезд малой скорости.
A boat-train Поезд, согласованный с распи-
санием парохода.

An irregular (emergency, wild) Дополнительный поезд вне расписания.

train

A long-distance train Поезд дальнего следования.

The Moscow — Minsk train Поезд Москва — Минск.

A local train Пригородный поезд.

A through train Поезд прямого сообщения.

A mixed train Товаро-пассажирский поезд.

A freight (goods) train Товарный поезд.

The first train Первый утренний поезд.

An electric train Электропоезд.

A diesel train Тепловоз.

A steam engine Паровоз.

A sleeping car (carriage) Спальный вагон.

An attached car Прицепной вагон.

A dining-room car (a diner) Вагон-ресторан.

A non-smoking car Вагон для некурящих.

A through carriage Вагон прямого сообщения.

A compartment car Купейный вагон.

A car with reserved berths Плацкартный.
(numbered berths)

A passenger (freight) ship Пассажирский (грузовой) па­роход.

A first-class steamer Первоклассный пароход.

An ocean liner Океанский пароход.

Port (starboard) Левый (правый) борт.

In the bow (stern) В носовой (кормовой) части.

A jet(-propelled) (aero)plane Реактивный самолет.

A turbo-jet (plane) Турбореактивный самолет.

A turbo-prop (plane) Турбовинтовой самолет.

A screw-propelled plane Винтовой самолет.

A twin-engined plane Самолет с двумя моторами.

PACKING СБОРЫ

What do we take with us when Что мы берем с собой, когда

we travel? отправляемся путешество­вать?

We take only the first essen- Мы берем только самое необходимое

-tials (things of prime neces- (предметы первой необходимости)

sity, things of urgent necessity).

I like to travel light. Я люблю путешествовать на­легке.

What's the rush? Что за спешка?

Come! Let's make haste. Давайте поспешим.

Take it easy! We've got plenty He торопитесь. У нас масса времени.

of time.

I shall want everything from Мне понадобится все, от ботинок

the boots to the hat. до шляпы.

The bag is stuffed full. Сумка (портфель) набита до отказа.

The suit-case will not hold any В чемодан больше ничего не уместится.

more.

There's no room for this book Эта книга не помещается в моем

in my bag. портфеле.

You are forgetting your knife. Вы забыли положить нож.

All was in a tumble. Все было вверх дном.

Everything was in a mess (at Все было в беспорядке.

six and sevens).

This has been a stirring day. Сегодняшний день был полон суматохи.

It annoys me when I can't find Меня раздражает, когда я не

something. могу найти что-нибудь.

Now look sharp, or we'll be Поторапливайся, не то мы опоздаем.

late.

There's hardly any time Времени почти не осталось.

leftYou can't imagine how impa- Вы не можете себе представить,

tient I am to start. как мне не терпится выехать.

This delay is rather annoying. Эта задержка изрядно раздра­жает.

Now where is my hat? А где же моя шляпа?

You'll make yourself late. Вы опоздаете, и на этом все кончится.

That's going to be the end of it.

Let's get a move on. Давайте поспешим.

Something Lost Потеря.

I seem to have lost — Кажется, я потерял...

I must have tucked away my Я куда-то положил свои перчатки.

gloves somewhere.

I feel certain you left them on Я уверен, что ты оставил их на столе.

the table

I'll have a good search (look) around. Я поищу как следует.

I dare say it will turn up again. Полагаю, что они найдутся.

It's no great loss anyway. Во всяком случае, это не­большая потеря.

I have lost my key. Я потерял ключ.

I can't find my purse. Я не могу найти кошелек.

Where can I have put it? Куда я могла его положить?

I have looked for it everywhere. Я искала его везде.

It is so annoying to mislay Это так досадно, когда кладешь

things! что-нибудь не на место.

I had it half an hour ago. Оно было у меня в руках пол­часа назад.

I wonder if I dropped it some He уронила ли я его где-нибудь на улице?

where in the street?

When did you see it last? Когда вы в последний раз видели его?

Why, here it is. Да вот же он!
Here it is, I've got it! Вот оно, я его нашла!
Why, bless my soul; it must Боже, оно, должно быть, все

have been here all the time. время здесь и лежало.

ROUTE МАРШРУТ

Let's go over to the tourist Давайте пройдем в туристское агентство.
agency (travelling bureau)
Which is the best route to N.? Какой наилучший маршрут до Н.?

Let's take a round trip via M. Давайте совершим круговую

N. and О. поездку через M., Н. и О.
What big stations (ports) are Какие большие станции (порты)
there on the route? имеются на пути следования?
Is N. on our route? Находится ли Н. на нашем пути?

Is there a through train to N.? Имеется ли прямой поезд до Н.?

J'm going to N.; where shall I Я еду в Н.; где мне нужно

have to change trains? сделать пересадку?
You may go as far as M. Вы можете ехать до M.
What are the ports of call? В какие порты мы заходим?
Where is the ship bound for? Куда идет этот пароход?
Do steamers run from M. to N.? Ходят ли пароходы из M. в Н.?

TIME-TABLE РАСПИСАНИЕ

Here is the time-table; look up Вот расписание; ищите, какой

the train (boat) you need. вам нужен поезд (пароход).
On what days do trains (boats) В какие дни идут поезда (пароходы) в Н.?

run to N.?
What time is the next train Когда отправляется в Н. следующий

(boat) for N.? поезд (пароход)?
At what intervals do the trains run? С какими интервалами идут поезда?

When does the train (boat) get Когда поезд (пароход) прибывает туда?

there?

Does the train (boat) run to Поезд (пароход) идет по расписанию?

(on) time?
How long will the journey Сколько времени займет путешествие?

How many hours does the Сколько времени будет продолжаться

flight take? полет?

When does the plane take off? Когда вылетает самолет?

TICKETS БИЛЕТЫ

a) General а) Общая часть

I'd better go and get a ticket Мне лучше пойти сейчас и купить

for the train (boat, plane) билет на поезд (пароход, самолет).

now.

Where can I get a ticket for Где я могу купить билет на

the train (boat, plane) поезд (пароход, самолет.)?

The booking-office is over there. Касса вон там.

At what window do they sell В каком окне продают билеты

tickets for the train (boat, на поезд (пароход, самолет) до Н.?

plane) to N.?

We shall have to queue up, Пожалуй, придется стать в очередь

suppose.

Where is the queue (line) Где очередь к окну № 8?

to window 8 formed?

Where do we queue up . Где нам следует встать в очередь

(ne up) for the train to S.? на поезд, идущий в С.?

То what window are you К какому окну Вы стоите в очереди?

standing in (a) queue ?

That fellow is trying to get а Этот парень хочет получить

ticket without queuing up билет без очереди.

( without getting in line).

Now it's ,your turn, isn't it? Теперь Ваша очередь, не так ли?

It's taking him so long. Как он долго копается.

I wonder if they have any me Интересно, есть ли еще билеты

tickets for tomorrow's train на завтрашний поезд.

Let's reserve (book) seats in advance Давайте сделаем предварительный

заказ на билеты.

I want to reserve a ticket to Будьте добры, я хочу заказать

N., please, одно место до Н.

May I reserve a ticket by te- Можно заказать билет по телефону?

lephone?

Please have the tickets sent by Пришлите, пожалуйста, билеты

this address (to my hotel). по этому адресу (в отель).

Two first- (second-, third-) Два билета первого (второго, третьего)

class tickets to N., please, класса до Н., пожалуйста.
There's no earthly chance of Нет ни малейшей надежды достать

getting a ticket for tomorrow, билет на завтра.
All the tickets are sold out. Все билеты распроданы.
There are no more seats for to На завтрашний поезд (пароход,

morrow's train (boat, plane), самолет) нет больше мест.
We are all booked up for 10 У нас забронированы (заказаны)

days in advance, все места на 10 дней вперед.

The season is in full swing Видите ли, сезон сейчас в самом

(at it's height) now, you know. разгаре.

Shall I have them delivered? Билеты доставить на дом?
You will be charged extra for Вам придется доплатить за

having them delivered, доставку на дом.
I hope someone will cancel his Буду надеяться, что кто-нибудь

bookings. аннулирует свой заказ.
What is the regular fare to N. Сколько стоит простой билет

please? до Н., пожалуйста?
Children under 14 travel half За детей до 14 лет платят no-
fare. ловину стоимости билета.
How much is a child's ticket? Сколько стоит детский билет?
Children's tickets cost half (а Детские билеты стоят половину

quarter) the price. (четверть) стоимости.
I want two full tickets and two Дайте мне два полных билета

children's tickets. и два детских.
How many days is the ticke В течение скольких суток действителен

valid for? билет?
This ticket is invalid. Этот билет недействителен.

Must I have my ticket pun ched? Мне нужно компостировать билет?

Railway Tickets Железнодорожные билеты

Do you want a smoker or а Вы хотите место в вагоне для

non-smoker? курящих или для некуря­щих?

I would like to have a seat in Я бы хотела место в купе

the ladies' compartment. (в отделении) для дам.

I would like a lower (upper) Я бы хотел нижнее (верхнее) место.

berth, please

I prefer a seat with my back Я бы предпочел место спиной

to the engine, please. к паровозу.

Have you no seats facing the engine? Нет ли у вас мест по ходу поезда?

A pullman seat will cost you — За место в спальном вагоне

in addition to the regular fare. вам придется доплатить

The extra fare for the fast train Дополнительная плата за скорость

will be — (за проезд в скором поезде) будет…

How much is a single to N., Сколько стоит проезд (в одном

please? направлении) до Н.?

I want a reduced price (year- Мне, пожалуйста, льготный

round) ticket, please, (годовой) билет.

These season tickets are very Этими сезонными билетами

convenient, очень удобно пользоваться.

How much does a through Сколько стоит билет на поезд

ticket to N. cost? прямого сообщения до Н.?

Boat Tickets Билеты для проезда пароходом

Where are boat tickets sold? Где продаются билеты на па­роход?

Please book me one seat on Забронируйте мне, пожалуйста,

board the— одно место на…

I want to book (take, pay) а Я бы хотел заказать (приобрести)

passage to N., please, билет на пароход до Н.

I should like a state-room with Я хотел бы каюту «люкс» с

a private bath, please. отдельной ванной.

A first-class cabin on the main Каюту первого класса на главной

deck, please. палубе, пожалуйста.

The second-(third-)class cabins Каюты второго (третьего)

below deck are much cheaper класса на нижней палубе

значительно дешевле.

Can you let me have a cabin Можете вы предложить мне

for two? двухместную каюту?

Can we have a private cabin? Можно ли получить отдель­ную каюту?

LUGGAGE БАГАЖ

Where is the luggage-office? Где багажная касса?

I've got a lot of luggage. У меня много багажа..

What do I do with (about) my Как поступить с багажом?

luggage?

Where can I check my luggage? Где я могу сдать багаж?

You leave the luggage to the Поручите багаж носильщику.

porter.

I say, porter, are you engaged? Послушайте, носильщик, вы

свободны?

I say, porter, what's your num- Кстати, носильщик, какой ваш

ber by the way? номер?

Will you take care of (see to, Позаботьтесь, пожалуйста, о моем

take charge of) my luggage? багаже.

Have my luggage booked, Сдайте, пожалуйста, мой багаж.

please.

Put these things into the lug- Сдайте эти вещи в багажный вагон.

gage-van,

I'll see you through with your Я помогу вам с багажом.

luggage.

How much luggage can I take Сколько багажа я могу провести с собой?

(carry) with me?

How much can one take free Сколько багажа можно везти

of cost (charge)? (What is с собой бесплатно?

the'' free allowance of lug­gage?)

You may take your hand-lug- Ручной багаж вы можете взять

gage with you into the car. с собой в вагон.

We'll take all we've got with us Мы возьмем с собой все, что при нас.

I'd rather have this with me. Я бы хотела взять это с со­бой.

If you have excess luggage Если у вас есть багаж сверх нормы,

(overweight), you must book it. вам следует сдать его.

How much does one pay for Сколько платят за багаж

overweight? сверх нормы?

The extra charge for over- Доплата за багаж сверх нормы

weight won't be much. не будет велика.

Is there a tag attached to my Бирку к моему багажу прикрепили?

luggage? -

This box goes into the hold. Этот ящик пойдет в трюм.

Please get my luggage; here Получите, пожалуйста, мой

is the receipt and the ticket, багаж, вот моя квитанция и билет.

Our luggage arrived all right. Наш багаж прибыл в порядке.

My luggage has a label pasted На моем багаже приклеен ярлык.

on it.

SEEING OFF ПРОВОДЫ

Are you comfortable? Вам удобно?

Quite, thank you. Вполне, благодарю вас.

You haven't left anything be hind, А вы ничего не забыли?

hind, have you?

Please don't forget to write! Пожалуйста, не забывайте пи­сать!

We shall miss you badly, Ann. Мы очень будем скучать о вас, Энн.

You won't be away long I hope. Надеюсь, вы скоро вернетесь.

Good luck, Ann! Всего хорошего,

A pleasant journey! (I wish Счастливого пути!

you a pleasant journey.)

Farewell! До свидания!

I wish you joy. Желаю вам счастья.

I wish you good speed. Желаю вам быстро доехать.

Let me know by wire. (Send Телеграфируйте мне.

me a wire).

It was very nice of you (all) Это очень мило с Вашей стороны

to come to see me off. прийти проводить меня.

I hate seeing people off. Я терпеть не могу провожать кого-либо.

All the well-wishers bid us Все провожающие попрощались с нами.

good-bye.

Your friend has left us without Ваш друг уехал (ушел), не

saying good-bye. простившись.

She waved me a kiss. Она послала мне воздушный поцелуй.

The send-off was quite an at- Ты знаешь, проводы превратились

fair, you know. в целое событие.

TRAVELLING BY TRAIN

There are various means of travel. We can travel by train boat, aeroplane, car and finally we can travel on foot. You have all of you, done a certain amount of travelling, so let's talk about the method of travel you like best. Should you ask me what kind of transport I like best, I'd speak in support of the train. With a train you have speed, com­fort and pleasure combined.

What place is more interesting than a big station? There is the movement, the excitement, the gaiety of the people going away and sorrow of those who are seeing others off. There are the shouts of the porters as they pull luggage trucks along the plat­forms to the waiting trains, the crowd at the booking-office getting tickets, the children tightly holding on to the skirts of their mothers, and passengers hurrying to board the train.

At last you manage to make your way through the crowd, closely following the porter, who has taken care of your luggage, and get out on to the platform. There are many tracks and trains there.

You show your ticket to the guard and in you go into a most wonderful carriage. All is bustle and confusion, with people filing in, bumping into each other, and what not. At last you manage to stow away your luggage and get out on to the plat­form for fresh air and bid farewell to the well-wishers who have come to see you off.

You are on your way. You start up a conversation with your fellow-passengers (people take to each other quickly when tra­velling), and soon you get to know who is who and what. Now that the excitement of the day is over, you begin to feel hungry.

The dining-car steward happens to come along and you take bookings for dinner' or supper, whichever it might be. As you go for the second sitting you have time to wash. By that time the guard has made your bed. You take your towel and go to the toilet to wash yourself.

You feel tired now. You get into your upper berth and begin to absorb the beauty of the changing scenes that fly past you—the cheerful fields of wheat and corn, the meadows under a mantle of flowers, grass and green moss, the rivers that run through wood, land countries, the forests with their delicious sense of peace, and the mountains ribbed with sharp, steep ridges. But drowsiness creeps over you. You close your eyes and soon drift away into that vast mysterious void which men call sleep.

Vocabulary Notes

to take booking for dinner—сделать to turn in (coll.)— ложиться спать предварительный заказ на обед

2. TRAVELLING BY SEA

For me there is no travel so fine as by sea. There are many things that make travel by sea a fascinating thing for me. Though I am not much of a sailor, I love the sight of a ship with its many decks, cabins and state-rooms. It looks like a huge white floating city. It is delightful to be out at sea, too, and pro­menade the deck or sit in a deck-chair and take the sun.

But what can be compared with the excitement you expe­rience when you sight land! The narrow strip of land on the hori­zon seems slowly coming towards you. Gradually the outlines of the shore become more distinct, and on coming nearer you get a full view of the city, the harbour, and of the big ships coming in from and leaving for distant lands.

I shall never forget my first trip on board the "Pobeda" from Odessa to Sochi. The season was at its height then and the passenger traffic on the Odessa—Batumi line was heavy, so we, that is, Ann and I, had to reserve berths at the agency beforehand. After some three or four days of feverish prepara­tions and expectations we were ready to start.

The ship was to sail at 2.00 p. m. on a certain Saturday early in July. On the morning of that distinguished day I felt very excited at the thought that in a few hours I shall go away. A little after noon we reached the pier and there, for the first time in my life, I beheld a real ship. What a beauty she was!

The pier was crowded with cars, trucks loaded with luggage, passengers arriving and hurrying on board, and well-wishers seeing them off. It was really thrilling going up the gangway. Up and up we went until we reached the main deck. And there from high above we looked at the people that seemed so tiny down below, crowding on the pier.

When we got on deck, we were attended by a sailor who took us down below deck. Inside the ship there was a vast labyrinth of aisles that ran into each other and out again and seemed to lead nowhere. But we tripped along following the sailor, and soon he brought us to our cabin. It was a small room with two, berths in it, and against the wall, just below the round window, called a porthole, stood a little trifle of behind a table.

But we had no time to look around because we were eager to go back on deck. There, all was bustle and confusion as before. A noisy excitement was kept up from one end of the ship to the other. Shortly we heard the ship's siren warning the passengers and their well-wishers to say their last good-bye to each other. After some 10—15 minutes the ship weighed anchor and slowly slipped out of the harbour, leaving Odessa wrapped in a blue noonday haze.

Our voyage lasted several days. On our way we called at several ports. The stays were quite sufficient to give us the opportunity of visiting some points of interest there. But I shall never forget the day when I first saw Sochi. It was evening when we came in sight of the town. From afar the snow-white palaces seemed like tiny cottages nestling cosily in a sea of fresh green vegetation. It was a picture of wonderful beauty.

In front was the smooth sea and in the background the high mountains, the slopes of which were clothed with green foilage. Even now when I recall it to my mind I experience a thrill of pleasure.

I honestly say that I love best to travel by ship.

3. TRAVELLING BY AIR

For me there is nothing like travel by air: it is more comfor­table, more convenient and, of course, far quicker than any other method. There is none of the dust and dirt of a railway or car journey; none of the trouble of changing from train to steamer, pushing your way through crowds to get from the boat to the Customs (if you travel abroad) and then to another train. A taxi or bus of the Airline Service takes you to the airport. There on the runway you see a sleek and beautiful jet-propelled passenger liner ready to carry you to your place of destination. When the formalities of registering yourself and weighing your baggage are over, you get up the gangway and board the plane.

If you are travelling for the first time, you may apply to the stewardess and she will see you to your seat and give you all the information you need as, how to strap your belt, how to adjust your seat and so on. If you feel hungry, you will be pro­vided with an excellent lunch. Strange though it may seem, it actually comes out cheaper, considering what you save in hotel charges or sleeping accomodation on the train, meals and so on.

But it is not only on account of the convenience, comfort and speed that I like air travel. The whole experience is a spiri­tually thrilling thing for me. I enjoy greatly the feeling of flying. As you leave the earth behind you, you seem to belong to another world, a bigger, wider, freer world than the one you left. What loveliness there is on earth when you see it from above; the rapid changing scenes below are of underscribable beauty.

No, you will never make me believe that there is a better way of travelling than by air.

1. TRAVELLING

— What do you think of travelling at the end of the 20th century?

— The scientific and technological progress of the 20th century has allowed people to overcome time and distance, to cover in the twinkle of an eye

the vast expanse of our planet. The whole world is open now. The limits and frontiers of the previous period have stopped to exist. Modern life is impos­sible without travelling.

— Why do people travel?

— Thousands of people travel every day either on business or for pleasure.

— How can you travel? What are the ways of travelling?

— One can travel by air, by rail, by sea or by road. Those, who wish to travel, either for pleasure or on business, have at their disposal various means of transport, for instance, bicycles, motor­cycles, motor-cars, boats, ships, aeroplanes, heli­copters and others.

— What means of transport does your father prefer if he goes on business?

— He prefers travelling by air, because it is the fastest and the most convenient way, but it is the most expensive too.

— What about your mother?

— She does as most people do: goes by train and considers it to be cheap and more convenient. She says that travelling by train is slower than by plane, but it has its advantages. You can see much more interesting places of the country you are travelling through. Modern trains have very com­fortable seats. There are also sleeping cars and din­ing cars which make even the longest journey en­joyable. Speed, comfort and safety are the main ad­vantages of trains.

— And if your parents go on their vacations which would they prefer?

— Travelling by sea or river, by no means. They enjoyed trips on the Volga, the Dnieper, the Ye­nisei, the Black Sea on board the large ships and small river boats. Everyone knows, the speed of sea liners is good deal slower than that of planes. But when the holiday season is in full swing it's next to impossible to get accommodation on a liner. On board a ship there are all facilities to enjoy your trip: tennis and badminton grounds, swimming pools, cinema and dancing halls.

— How do they feel on board the ship?

— My mum says: if you are not much of a sailor you may get sea-sick in a rough sea. But when the weather is fine and the sea is as smooth as glass your voyage will be wonderful.

— Are there any other ways of travelling?

— Yes, there are.

— What are they?

— If you are an adventurer you can travel by hitch-hiking, bicycles, on horseback.

— What holidays do you enjoy?

— Coach tours are not expensive and I like them very much. They are planned as holidays and there is a chance to do a lot of sightseeing and have a good rest at the same time. Last year I went by coach through a few countries and enjoyed the tour very much.

— What travelling do you prefer?

— As for me I prefer tourism, visiting places for pleasure, because I am fond of sightseeing. I like to travel light, that's why I prefer travelling by car. I think it's very convenient. You needn't book any tickets in advance. You needn't carry heavy suitcases. You can stop wherever you wish and spend at any place as much time as you like. As a rule I make new friends there.

— Do you miss your home during your holi­days?

- Time passes too quickly and very soon I have to make my way back.

TOWN

A TOWN

A town is a large number of houses, schools, hospitals, theatres, factories, works and other buildings built near each other. All these buildings are divided into blocks by streets. Short nar­row streets that join larger ones together are called lanes. On one side of the streets the buildings have even numbers, on the other—odd numbers. The main streets are usually paved with stone or asphalt. Along the streets run carts, cars, buses and trolley-buses. In large towns tramways are laid down the wider streets, along which tram-cars rattle with great noise. On both sides of the streets are raised pavements on which people walk.

In very large towns, which are generally called cities, count­less pedestrians walk along the foot-pavement forming two smoothly-flowing ceaseless currents. In England walkers keep to the right, while vehicles on the road keep to the left.

People usually cross the streets at special places, called crossings. When the traffic is very heavy, the policeman, who regulates the movement of the cars and buses, has to stop the never-ending stream by raising one hand, thus affording the pedestrians a chance of crossing the street. On the foot-paths, close to the gutter, stand dust-bins, into which refuse is put.

In large towns the ground floor and the first storeys of the houses, that line the principal streets, consist of shops. These shops present most attractive features. The windows are very large and the plates of glass often reach almost to the pavement. It is interesting to look at the shop-windows where the articles on sale are displayed.

In the centre and in important parts of a large town, there are squares, gardens and market places.

A town is generally situated near or on a river across which bridges are built. In almost all towns there are places of inte­rest, which a stranger would be invited to see—monuments, cathedrals, museums, etc.

In England a town is governed by a council, the head of which is styled the mayor.

Means of transport

People use various means of transport to get from one place to another. In the old days people had to travel several days, weeks and months to get to the place they needed. They either went on foot, by coaches driven by horses or on horseback or by boats and ships. Then trains, trams, cars, buses, airplanes, under­ground and other means appeared.

Many people like to travel by air as it is the fastest way of travelling. A lot of people like to travel by train because they can look at passing villages, forests and fields through win­dows. Some people like to travel by car. There they can go as slowly or as fast as they like. They can stop when and where they want.

People who live in big cities use various means of trans­port to get from one place to another.

Do you know what means of transport Londoners use? Londoners use the underground railway. They call it the tube. London's underground is the oldest in the world. It was opened in 1863.

Londoners use buses. The first bus route was opened in Lon­don in 1904. Today there are hundreds of routes there. The interesting thing is that some of the routes are the same as many years ago. London's buses are double-decked buses.

Londoners do not use trams, though London was the first city where trams appeared. And now it is one of the biggest cities in the world where there are no trams. The last tram left the streets of London many years ago.

Londoners use cars. You can see, a lot of cars in London streets.

When Londoners leave the town, they use trains, ships or airplanes.

The Museum of Transport

The Museum of British Transport is in London. It tells the story of public transport in Britain.

In 1829, an Irishman (Shillibeer by name) start­ed the first bus-service in London. His bus was very different to those you can see in London today. It was drawn by three horses and looked like a car­riage. The first double-decker bus was built in 1851. But the upper deck didn't have a roof until about 1936. When it was raining the passengers were giv­er raincoats.

The speed of the first petrol engine bus was 12 miles per hour. The first trains, like the first buses, were drawn by horses. But they were not passengers trains. They were used in mines and factories to carry materials from one place to another. The first steam train was used in an iron-works in South Wales. It was built by Richard Trevithick, in 1804.

The first passenger railway in England (and in the world) was the Liverpool and Manchester Rail­way. In 1829, the company offered a prize of 500 pounds for the best steam train. The prize was won by George Stephenson. with his famous train "The Rocket". It could travel 29 miles per hour, which was very fast at that time.

Lots of people were afraid of the railways and trains. They tried to stop their construction. But. in 1842 people had to accept the railway. Queen Victoria, herself, travelled in a train from Slouth to Paddington. A special railway carriage was built for her in 1869.

In 1938 a train ("Mallard") was built. It travelled at 126 miles per hour, and that was world record speed for a steam train. Nowadays this train can be seen in the Museum of Transport.

EXERCISES

I. Answer the questions.

1. When was the first double-decker bus built?

2. What was the speed of the first petrol engine bus?

3. Where were the first trains used?

4. What was the name of the first steam train

5. What was world record speed for a steam train?

II. Fill in the gaps.

1. The Museum of British Transport is in …

2. In ... Shillibeer started the first — in Lon­don.

3. The first bus was drawn by ... and looked like ... .

4. The first trains were used in ... .

5. The first passenger railway in England was ... .

6. Stephenson's train was called ... .

7.Queen Victoria travelled from ... to ... .

8. The world record speed for a steam engine was ... .

III. True or false?

1. The first bus appeared in 1829.

2. The first double-decker didn't have a roof.

3. The speed of the first train was 12 miles per hour.

4. The first trains were to carry passengers.

5. The first train was built by G. Stephenson.

6. A special carriage was built for Queen Victo­ria.

7. The world record speed for a steam train w«* 12 miles per hour.

8. In 1842 the construction of the railway fro» Slough to Paddington was stopped. ^:

IV. Arrange the sentences in the proper order

1. "Mallard" travelled at 126 miles per hour.

2. In 1829 an Irishman started the first bus-ser­vice.

3. In 1842 people had to accept the railway.

4. The first double-decker was built in 1851.

5. "The Rocket" could travel 29 miles per hour.

6. The prize for the best steam train was won by Stephenson.

7. In 1885 the first buses, driven by a petrol engine were used in London.

8. The first trains were drawn by horses.

9. The first railway in England was the Liver­pool and Manchester Railway.

10.The first trains were used in mines and factories.

Список литературы

1.ВойтенокВ.М. и Войтенок А.М. Разговорный английский язык: Пособие для учителя // 2-е издание.- М.: Государственное учебно-педагогическое издательство Министерства просвещения РСФСР, 1973.- 422С.

2.C.E.Eckersley. Essential English for foreign students // Foreign language press, Sofia, 1987.- 350Р.

3. Большой энциклопедический справочник по английскому языку для поступающих в вузы: М.- Изд. «Дрофа», 1998.- 624С.

Яковлева Ирина Михайловна

Английский язык

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