Внеклассное мероприятие на английском языке "Удивительный мир научных открытий и изобретений" 8-9 класс

Внеклассное мероприятие на английском языке "Удивительный мир научных открытий и изобретений"

"The amazing world of scientific discoveries and inventions!"

8-9 класс

Цель: Расширение кругозора путём популяризации знаний о великих открытиях и изобретениях мира.

Задачи:

1.Расширять представление детей об истории науки и техники.

2.Формировать положительную нравственную оценку деятельности великих ученых во имя науки, прогресса.

3.Прививать интерес к изучению школьных предметов как основ научных знаний.

Оборудование:

телевизор, портреты известных ученых, презентация, плакаты, посвященные разным областям научных достижений.

О сколько нам открытий чудных

Готовит просвещенья дух

И опыт, сын ошибок трудных,

И гений, парадоксов друг!

А.С.Пушкин

Teacher: good afternoon dear boys and girls. Today we are going to speak about SCIENCE

Which of you would like to become a scientist?

What scientific discoveries would you like to make?

Is it possible to discover something scientific without knowledge?

Pupil1:We are living in the modern world, full of computers, automatic devices, gadgets, cell phones and many other different interesting and useful things that technological progress has given us for usage. Although not even years have passed as we couldn’t even dream about time when it would be enough just to tap on a screen and get connected with the other person on the different end of the world.

Pupil2:Science has given us possibility to fly into space and step on the moon, to start studying different parts of our galaxy and even farther.  For example, what wonderful pictures of our galaxy and planets and stars surrounding Earth Hubble telescope has showed to us. Now we can develop further and maybe ever step on the other planets and even populate it.

Pupil3:Technology has considerably made our life easier due to different discoveries. For example, nowadays we can travel with extremely high speed in different directions: many countries have high-speed trains which help us to feel comfortable all the way.

Pupil1:Older people have different devices that have highly improved the level of their life, such as special cars for driving or hearing aid that helps them to no more feel useless in the society.

Pupil2:On the other hand al this computerized environment may damage us too. Our children spend more and more time playing computer games, texting their friends instead of meeting them in the streets, living more and more in their own virtual world. Girls try to compete whose cell phone or tablet is better and more modern, or who has more friends on Facebook.

Pupil3:Anyway technology has its advantages and disadvantages, but we cannot escape from progress, the development is inevitable. But our responsibility is to preserve ourselves as modern, just and peaceful civilization.

Teacher:

What is science?

What is science for?

Where is it used? How is it used?

What scientific discoveries do you know about?

We will try to answer these questions today

Guess the riddles (Отгадайте загадки)

1. Give me food and I will live, give me water and I will die. What I am?(Fire)

2. What goes around the world and stays in a corner? (Postage stamp)

3. I am mother and father, but never birth or nurse. I'm rarely still, but I never walk. What am I? (tree or flower)

4. At night they come but no one takes them away, and by day they are lost without being stolen. What are they? (Stars)

5. Can giraffes have babies? (No, they only have giraffes)  

6. When do elephants have eight feet? (when there are two of them)

And now you will learn about some English-speaking scientists and their inventions

T ray to guess who are they?

(Заранее подготовленные дети рассказывают короткую информацию о каждом из учёных. Присутствующие дети пытаются определить по картинкам где какой учёный, после прослушанной информации о них)

Samuel Colt was born on July 19, 1814, in Hartford, Connecticut, one of eight children of textile manufacturer Christopher Colt.

Young Samuel always had an interest in mechanics. In 1830, Colt sailed on the Corvo as a seaman, where he first became fascinated with the way the ship’s wheel worked. From that idea, he carved out a wooden prototype that would lead to his invention of a rotation-type firearm with a six-barrel cylinder.

Colt made his revolving-chamber pistol in Europe in 1835 and in the United States the following year. In 1836, he built his first plant in Paterson, New Jersey. The company was producing 150 firearms a day, making Colt one of the wealthiest men in America.

Alexander Fleming, the inventor of penicillin, was born in 1881 in Lochfield, Scotland. Alexander Fleming is a British bacteriologist. He worked in hospitals in London. Fleming was interested in bacterial action and antibacterial drugs. He grew a colony of dangerous bacteria on a plate. One day he saw a mould on the plate. Fleming called this substance penicillin. Fleming called this substance penicillin. A.Fleming received the Nobel Prize for his great discovery. He said : «Everywhere I go people thank me for saving their lives. I do not know why they do it. I didn’t do anything. Nature makes penicillin. I only found it.»

Michael Faraday born September 22, 1791, Newington, Surrey, England. English physicist and chemist whose many experiments contributed greatly to the understanding of electromagnetism.

Faraday is one of the greatest scientists of the 19th century, began his career as a chemist. He wrote a manual of practical chemistry, discovered a number of new organic compounds, among them benzene, and was the first to liquefy a “permanent” gas. His major contribution was in the field of electricity and magnetism. He was the first to produce an electric current from a magnetic field, invented the first electric motor and dynamo, and discovered and named diamagnetism, the peculiar behavior of certain substances in strong electromagnetic fields.

Samuel Finley Morse invented the telegraphic dot-and-dash alphabet.

To transmit messages across telegraph wires, in the 1830s Morse and Vail created what came to be known as Morse code. The code assigned letters in the alphabet and numbers a set of dots (short marks) and dashes (long marks) based on the frequency of use.

Initially, the code, when transmitted over the telegraph system, was rendered as marks on a piece of paper that the telegraph operator would then translate back into English. Rather quickly, however, it became apparent that the operators were able to hear and understand the code just by listening to the clicking of the receiver, so the paper was replaced by a receiver that created more pronounced beeping sounds.

Charles Makintosh developed a rubber solution that was used in raincoat production. In 1823, while trying to find uses for the waste products of gasworks, Macintosh noted that coal-tar naphtha dissolved india rubber. He then took wool cloth, painted one side of it with the rubber preparation, and placed another thickness of wool cloth on top, thereby producing a waterproof fabric. Soon after he began the manufacture of coats and other garments. The mackintosh garment was named for him. The mackintosh was greatly improved when vulcanized rubber, which resisted temperature changes, became available in 1839.

Isaac Newton developed the theory of colour and universal gravitation

was born January 4, 1643, Woolsthorpe, Lincolnshire, England. English physicist and mathematician who was the culminating figure of the Scientific Revolution of the 17th century. In optics, his discovery of the composition of white light integrated the phenomena of colours into the science of light and laid the foundation for modern physical optics. In mechanics, his three laws of motion, the basic principles of modern physics, resulted in the formulation of the law of universal gravitation. In mathematics, he was the original discoverer of the infinitesimal calculus. 

Alexander Graham Scottish-born American inventor, scientist, and teacher of the deaf whose foremost accomplishments were the invention of the telephone in 1876.

His mother was almost deaf, and his father taught elocution to the deaf, influencing Alexander’s later career choice as teacher of the deaf. Alexander passed the entrance examinations for University College London. He did not complete his studies, because the Bell family moved again, then they immigrating to Canada. Later Alexander moved to Boston, where he taught at the Boston School for Deaf Mutes. He also taught at the Clarke School for the Deaf in Northampton. While pursuing his teaching profession, Bell also began researching methods to transmit several telegraph messages simultaneously over a single wire—a major focus of telegraph innovation at the time and one that ultimately led to Bell’s invention of the telephone

Nikola Tesla was an engineer and scientist known for designing the alternating-current electric system, which is the predominant electrical system used across the world today. He also created the "Tesla coil," which is still used in radio technology.

Born in modern-day Croatia, Tesla came to the United States in 1884 and briefly worked with Thomas Edison before the two parted ways.

In 2003, a group of engineers founded Tesla Motors, a car company named after Tesla dedicated to building the first fully electric-powered car. Entrepreneur and engineer Elon Musk contributed over $30 million to Tesla in 2004 and serves as the company’s co-founder CEO.

• Thomas Edison  American inventor in the era of Yankee ingenuity. He began his career in 1863, in the adolescence of the telegraph industry. Renowned inventor Thomas Edison is typically recognized by younger generations for his monumental role in inventing the incandescent light bulb. Prior to Edison’s remarkable innovation in 1879, illumination was predominantly provided by candles or oil lamps. At age fifteen, he began operating telegraphs. At age 22, he invented an improved stock ticker for the stock exchange. He was paid $40,000 for this invention – a lot of money back then. Edison used the money to take care of his ill mother and become a full-time inventor.

Quiz "Find out the subject" (слова отгадки прикреплены на доске, дети выбирают правильный вариант после прослушанной информации)

We are surrounded by things that we use all the time, without even thinking about where they came from, who invented them and how they changed our lives for the better. Modern improved items have a completely different look, different from the original ones. Try to understand what kind of invention we are talking about.

1) The prototype of this invention was at first flat-shaped stones. In Russia , two tools were used for quite a long time: a small stick with an even round section and a hot board. Then this object began to be made solid — cast iron or bronze and "carbon". It was in June 1882 that the American Henry Seeley patented his invention. What did Henry Seeley invent? Iron

2) The first such device appeared in the USA in the 19th century. It was controlled by a handle that rotated the blades located inside the container. The first structures were made entirely of wood. Then they began to be made of metal. However, these devices were not successful. They often confused the contents, tied them in a knot, or spoiled them. At the beginning of the 20th century, this device was mechanized. What invention are we talking about? Washing machine.

This item first appeared in China. The main functions in it were performed by ice. At first , such objects were made of bronze. Then they began to be made of wood. As the ice melted, water flowed out through small holes at the bottom of the tank. At first, these items were used only in the imperial court and in the homes of aristocrats, gradually being introduced into the everyday life of ordinary people. What invention are we talking about? Fridge

Match the names of scientists with their achievements:

1. Georg Ohm a) he was a scientist and a poet.

2. Galileo Galilei b) an Italian scientist who studied a free fall of bodies.

He invented the telescope.

3. Mikhail Lomonosov c) a German scientist who devoted himself to the study

оf mathematics and physics. He discovered

the basic law of direct current which bears his name.

Magic Potion

Now watch the video and say what kind of potion are the children talking about, what does it affect and what ingredients are needed for cooking.

https://youtu.be/dYkcp0Ykcx0?si=kLhLQrr2wN1Nh6PU

“It is a potion which causes an unknown degree of memory loss in the drinker. Its key ingredients include some Lethe River Water, a lot of mistletoe berries, and some rosemary. Unfortunately, it can be quite difficult to find enough mistletoe berries nowadays!”

Why these ingredients are needed for this potion?

Compare it with today's medical drugs that cause forgetfulness, and find a modern analogue of the potion.

(possible answer: sedatives, antidepressants, sleeping pills often cause memory loss).

Practical task: (дети делятся на группы, выбирая рондомно полоски разного цвета. Затем, представляют свои творческие работы.)

- And now I give you a practical task, I suggest you make your own, fictional scientific discovery. For example, you can make a tool in the tundra, your own transportation, etc. and present to your partners.

The result of the lesson is reflection: In today's lesson, you got acquainted with a tiny part of all the discoveries that are known to mankind, with some great Russian figures. We learned about their contribution to the development of science and technology. We plunged into an interesting world. Remember that each of you can become both a scientist and an inventor, and make an incredible discovery for the whole world.